흑인영가의 버내큘라 전통 연구: 가사의 맥락적 고찰을 중심으로 = Research on the Vernacular Tradition of African-American Spirituals: A Contextual Consideration of Their Lyrics

국문 초록 (Abstract)

이 논문은 유기적으로 맞물려 있는 미국흑인 구연예술과 버내큘라 전통에 있어, 흑인영가에 주목하여 가사의 맥락적 분석을 통해 그 정체성을 고찰한 연구이다. ‘어느 특정한 나라 혹은 지역에 새로이 고착한 고유 예술’을 의미하는 버내큘라는 우세한 문화의 언어와 예술 즉 백인들의 언어와 예술을 매개로 창조된 텍스트에 들어 있는 ‘흑인 경험의 표현’들을 가리킨다. 사실상 ‘미국흑인음악의 가장 커다란 뿌리’라고 할 수 있는 흑인영가는 아프리카 구전전통의 노동요와 민간속요가 백인들의 찬송가를 수용하는 과정에서 생겨난 버내큘라 예술로서, 노예제로 인해 아프리칸 디아스포라를 경험해온 미국흑인들의 정신과 심리가 잘 담겨 있다. 이에 본 연구는 버내큘라의 정체성을 대표적으로 잘 드러내고 있는 흑인영가를 중심으로 가사 텍스트를 맥락적으로 살펴보는 작업을 통해 버내큘라의 학술적 가치에 대한 관심을 불러일으키고, 아울러 정리된 연구결과가 음악교육을 위시한 예술교육 및 문화교육의 자료로 활용되어 통합교육콘텐츠의 지평을 넓히는 데 보탬이 되기를 기대한다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The “vernacular” comes from the Latin - verna, a slave born in his master’s house. In the context of art, the term refers to traditional art that is received by a particular region or country. In the tradition of orally narrated African-American art, the vernacular is defined as the expression of African-American experience that is found in the texts that are created in the form of the predominant (i.e. white) culture including language and art. This style of expression springs from the creative interaction between the African tradition that has been transmitted and learned by African-American slaves or migrants from their ancestors and a new one that is locally invented based on their own tradition.
Exploring African-Americans’ oral art and their vernacular tradition, which are organically connected to each other, this paper focuses on their spirituals and reflects on the identity of these songs through a contextual consideration of their lyrics. Indeed, African-American spirituals, which form the largest root of African-American music, constituted the vernacular as orally transmitted African work and folk songs adopted white Americans’ gospel. Such spirituals allow us to understand the spirit and mentality of African-Americans who went through the African diaspora during the period of slavery. Under these circumstances, this paper attempts a contextual analysis of the lyrics of African-American spirituals that represent their vernacular tradition. The ultimate goal of this analysis is to raise awareness of the academic value of the vernacular and to contribute to enriching the integrated education content by encouraging the results of this research to be used as arts (music, above all) and culture education materials.

참고문헌 (Reference)

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