대학생의 직업선택동기와 공직동기 = Does Public Service Spirit Matter to Korean University Students' Public Sector Job Choice?: A Critical Review of Public Service Motivation Theory

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Despite the well-known postulate that the high public service spirit holders prefer to pursue a public sector career instead of a private one, few empirical studies test this postulate. Moreover, while a substantial number of empirical studies done in the US context claim the existence of public service motivation (PSM) among incumbent public employees, it is unclear whether PSM theory is applicable for explaining the job choice of future public servants in Korea.
This study surveyed 731 undergraduate students at ten Korean universities and empirically tested several hypotheses with respect to the determinants of the public/private sector job choice. The major findings of this study are: 1) public service spirit is fairly insignificant to public sector job seekers even though they rank it higher than private sector job seekers do, 2) the more positive the attitude to the public sector, the more undergraduates are likely to prefer a public sector job, and 3) parental influence and gender are not associated with public service spirit or job choice.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

공공서비스정신이 대학생들의 민간회사 대신 공직을 선택하고, 구분하는 중요한 동기라고 할 수 있을까? 기존의 공직동기(Public Service Motivation: PSM) 이론에서는 현직 공직자와 민간 근로자간의 업무동기에 차이가 있으며 그 핵심에는 공공서비스정신이 자리잡고 있다고 주장을 해왔다. 그러나 미래의 잠재적인 공직자인 대학생들에 대한 직업선택의 동기에 대한 연구는 제한적이다.
본 연구는 10개 대학 731명의 한국 대학생들을 대상으로 공직과 민간 회사의 직업선택동기가 어떻게 다른지, 그리고 공직에 대한 긍정도와, 성별, 그리고 가족이 공적선택에 미치는 영향에 대한 실증분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과 상대적으로 공직을 선택하려는 대학생들의 공공서비스정신이 민간회사를 선택하는 학생들에 비해 높지만 절대적인 중요성에서는 외재적 동기(직업안정성, 높은 봉급, 사회적 명성)가 더 중요한 것으로 나타나고 있다. 또한 공직에 대한 긍정도가 높은 학생일수록 공직에서 더 일하고 싶은 것으로 나타났다. 반면 성별과 부모님의 영향이 특별히 공직선택을 설명하는데 중요한 변수라고 보기는 어려운 것으로 나타났다.

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