한국무용을 이용한 노인체조 개발과 적용 효과 검증 = (The)Development of the Elderly Gymnastics Using Traditional Korean Dance and the Verification of Its Effects

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study is to develop the gymnastics for the elderly with simple and interesting movements that incorporates traditional Korean dance, which can increase their physical strength and be used as a leisure activity.
The Five Elements theory, the dance movements based on Sam-Jae theory, the aesthetic characteristic of traditional Korean dance, and the Korean folk dance movements that emphasize Shin-Myeong—exhilaration or enthusiasm found in dance movements— were studied in order to construct the theory of the elderly gymnastics. Another goal of the study is to develop a systematic and scientific gymnastics that incorporates physical factors according to the principles of freehand gymnastics. In order to verify the effects of the elderly gymnastics, the subjects were asked to participate in a program that measured their body composition, physical strength and physical self-efficacy.
To verify the effects of the elderly gymnastics that uses traditional Korean dance, a total of 18 subjects were tested for 12 weeks; 10 subjects belonged to the experimental group and 8 subjects belonged to the control group. The difference in the body composition and physical strength between the control group and the experimental group was measured before and after the experiment. Also, the physical self-efficacy of the subjects in the experimental group was measured. SPSS Version 12.0 was used to analyze the 243 of data that was collected by self-administration method. Depending on the purpose of the analysis, paired t-test, independent t-test, frequency analysis, One-way ANOVA, and multiple regression analysis were used. The statistical significance in this study was set to p <.05. The result is as follows:

1. The aesthetics in the theory of "Movement in Stillness", the philosophical ideas based on the cosmic dual force theory&#8212;Ying and Yang&#8212;and Sam-Jae theory, and the principle of Shin-Myeong were used in incorporating the traditional Korean dance movements into the gymnastics; The movements were designed based on the muscular strength, muscular endurance, balance, flexibility, agility, and equilibrium of the body.
2. After 12 weeks of implementing the elderly gymnastics, the BMI of the experimental group showed significant difference; the lean body mass and muscle mass increased while the body fat percentage and abdominal fat decreased. Based on the physical test, there was an improvement in grip strength and back scratch flexibility, but there were no statistically significant changes. However, there was a statistically significant improvement in the back muscular strength, muscular endurance, flexibility, balance, agility, and whole-body reaction. Also the lean body mass and muscle mass of the control group and experimental group showed significant difference. In the skin fold measurement, there was no significant difference between the groups. The comparison between the two groups’ pre and post-experiment physical strength revealed a statistically significant difference in the left grip strength, sit and reach flexibility, and light reaction.
3. There was no significant difference in the level of satisfaction between genders, but there was a statistically significant difference in the level of the satisfaction among the age groups. The physical efficacy was higher with the younger and healthier groups. The group with higher level of satisfaction with the elderly gymnastics was healthier and had higher physical self-efficacy, which demonstrates that the subordinate factors are correlated.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서론1
• 1. 연구의 필요성1
• 2. 연구의 목적5
• 3. 연구의 문제6
• 4. 연구의 제한점6
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경7
• 1. 한국무용7
• 1) 한국무용의 미학적 특성7
• (1) 한국인의 미와 신명과 자연7
• (2) 삼재론과 정ㆍ중ㆍ동의 미9
• 2) 한국무용동작의 특성 12
• (1) 한국인의 체형과 한국무용동작의 특성12
• (2) 한국무용 기본동작의 특성14
• 3) 한국무용의 기능17
• (1) 신체적 기능17
• (2) 정서적 기능20
• (3) 사회적 기능22
• 2. 음양오행론24
• 3. 노인의 특성27
• 1) 노인의 정의와 인구학적 특성 27
• 2) 노인의 신체적 특성31
• 3) 노인의 심리적 특성33
• 4) 노인의 사회적 특성34
• 4. 고령자의 체력36
• 1) 근력37
• 2) 전신지구력38
• 3) 유연성38
• 4) 민첩성과 동적평형성39
• 5) 신체질량지수(BMI)39
• 5. 선행연구41
• 1) 체조개발연구41
• 2) 노인을 위한 운동프로그램의 효과 연구43
• 3) 율동프로그램의 효과에 관한 연구51
• Ⅲ. 연구방법56
• 1. 연구의 범위56
• 2. 연구의 내용56
• 3. 연구의 기간58
• 4. 연구의 절차59
• 5. 연구의 대상60
• 6. 측정도구 61
• 7. 실험설계 63
• 8. 실험절차 및 방법64
• 9. 자료처리 67
• Ⅳ. 연구결과68
• <Study 1> 한국무용을 이용한 노인체조 개발68
• 1. 한국무용을 이용한 노인 체조개발 절차68
• 2. 체조개발의 목적69
• 3. 체조개발의 원리69
• 1) 동양사상과 한국무용의 미에 의한 동작구성 원리69
• 2) 움직임의 구성 원리72
• 3) 맨손체조의 운동구성 형식73
• 4. 한국무용을 이용한 노인체조 구성75
• 1) 준비운동 75
• 2) 본운동Ⅰ 76
• 3) 본운동Ⅱ 78
• 4) 정리운동 80
• 5. 한국무용을 이용한 노인체조 구성의 도해85
• <Study 2> 한국무용을 이용한 노인체조의 적용 효과 검증92
• 1. 효과검증 대상자의 일반적 특성92
• 2. 노인체조의 적용효과 검증결과93
• 1) 신체구성94
• 2) 피하지방 분포95
• 3) 체력97
• 4) 자아신체효능감100
• Ⅴ. 결론 및 논의105
• Ⅵ. 요약 및 제언118
• 1. 요약118
• 2. 제언119
• 참고문헌121
• 부록140