This study was conducted to develop a measurement scale that measures the resilience of kidney transplant patients and to verify the validity and reliability of the measurement scale. During the scale development stage, qualitative data collected from...
This study was conducted to develop a measurement scale that measures the resilience of kidney transplant patients and to verify the validity and reliability of the measurement scale. During the scale development stage, qualitative data collected from ten kidney transplant patients were analyzed along with previous literature on the resilience of kidney transplant patients and conventional measurement scales. The study revealed that 59 questions with possible responses on a 4-point Likert scale made up the measurement scale that was used to measure the resilience of kidney transplant patients. Three nephrologists, one nephrology fellow, four nursing college professors, one nurse with kidney transplant experience in an organ transplantation center, and four clinical nurses with more than five years of experience in nursing kidney transplant patients independently confirmed the content validity of the 59 questions twice, yielding 51 questions. The selected questions were reviewed by Korean literature scholars, and a preliminary investigation was conducted with these questions on 24 kidney transplant patients. In the scale verification stage, two main surveys were conducted at tertiary referral hospitals and social network systems to verify the construct validity, convergent validity, discriminant validity, criterion validity, and reliability of the scale.
The first main survey was conducted on 266 kidney transplant patients, and an exploratory factor analysis was executed to verify the construct validity of the scale using the collected data. The exploratory factor analysis results revealed that the measurement scale used to assess the resilience of kidney transplant patients derived six factors: “conversion to positive thinking based on recovery beliefs,” “supportive relationship with others,” “self-awareness of negative psychological responses,” “homeostasis control,”“control of physical health,”and “supportive relationship with the medical team,” and 34 questions. The cumulative explanatory power of the scale was 50.71%.
The second main survey was conducted on 205 kidney transplant patients, and a confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to verify the construct validity using the collected data. The confirmatory factor analysis results indicated that the final measurement scale that measures the resilience of kidney transplant patients included 27 questions. The model’s goodness of fit was CMIN/DF 1.374, GFI .877, CFI .927, TLI .914, RMSEA .043, and SRMRI .058, confirming the goodness of fit of the study model by satisfying the goodness of fit index and acceptance criteria. The convergent validity results revealed AVE .567∼.685 and CR .806∼.935, with the AVE value appearing higher than the square value of the correlation coefficient between all factors. The discriminant validity was ensured as the confidence interval of the correlation coefficient between factors did not include 1.0. The criterion validity verification results of the developed tool established that the correlation coefficient with the Conner-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) was .687(p<0.1), indicating a significant correlation and ensuring criterion validity. The reliability verification results of the developed scale presented a Cronbach’s α value of .868 confirming the reliability of the scale.
This study confirmed that the measurement scale for measuring the resilience of kidney transplant patients allows individual kidney transplant patients to identify their resilience levels through self-evaluation and manage their deficiencies to enhance their strengths and resilience. Additionally, the developed scale can be used to delve deeper into the significance of resilience in kidney transplant patients in the future, and its application to clinical nursing practice will present specific directions for resilience in kidney transplant patients in assessment, comprehensive evaluation, and nursing arbitration.