Elementary electric power and machines

목차 (Table of Contents)

• CONTENTS
• Foreword = 9
• List of principal symbols = 11
• 1 A.c. circuits = 13
• 1.1 Introduction = 13
• 1.2 Voltage and current relationships in R, L and C = 13
• 1.3 Phasor representation of a.c. quantities = 16
• 1.4 Power in a.c. circuits = 22
• 1.4.1 Watts and vats = 22
• 1.4.2 The use of EI or EI = 24
• 1.5 Power factor correction = 25
• 1.6 Specification of loads = 27
• 1.7 Two-phase systems = 28
• 1.8 Three-phase systems = 29
• 1.8.1 General considerations = 29
• 1.8.2 Star and delta configurations = 30
• 1.8.3 Specification of three-phase supply and load = 34
• 1.8.4 Unbalanced three-phase loads = 34
• 1.8.5 Measurement of power in three-phase circuits = 38
• Problems = 42
• 2 Electromagnetism for machines = 44
• 2.1 Introduction = 44
• 2.2 The magnetic circuit = 45
• 2.2.1 Amp$$\grave e$$re's law = 45
• 2.2.2 Reluctance of a flux path = 46
• 2.3 The B／H relationship in iron = 49
• 2.4 Flux-density distribution in a cylindrical air-gap machine = 51
• 2.5 Torque between two sinusoidat ampere-tuin distributions = 54
• 2.6 Torque derived from energy consideration = 56
• 2.7 Reluctance torque = 58
• 2.8 The rotating field = 59
• 2.9 Iron losses = 63
• 2.10 Conclusion = 66
• Problems = 66
• 3 Transformers = 68
• 3.1 Introduction = 68
• 3.2 Development of equivalent circuit = 68
• 3.3 Transformer tests = 74
• 3.3.1 The open circuit test = 74
• 3.3.2 The short circuit test = 75
• 3.4 Regulation and efficiency = 76
• 3.5 Magnetising current waveshape = 78
• 3.6 The autotransformer = 79
• 3.7 Three-phase transformers = 80
• 3.7.1 Three-phase transformer connections = 81
• 3.8 Conclusions = 86
• Problems = 86
• 4 Simple machine windings = 89
• 4.1 Introduction = 89
• 4.2 Conductor e.m.f = 89
• 4.3 The Gramme ring winding = 91
• 4.4 The commutation principle = 98
• 4.5 Practical windings = 99
• 4.6 The 'armature' of a machine = 102
• 4.7 Armature reaction = 103
• 4.7.1 Armature reaction in a d.c. winding = 103
• 4.7.2 Armature reaction in a three-phase winding = 105
• 4.8 Conclusions = 110
• Problems = 110
• 5 Three-phase synchronous machines = 111
• 5.1 Introduction = 111
• 5.2 Symbolic representation of the machine = 111
• 5.3 Equivalent circuit for synchronous machines = 113
• 5.4 Machine torque = 119
• 5.5 Synchronous impedance = 120
• 5.6 Modes of operation = 122
• 5.6.1 Power factor correction = 124
• 5.7 Synchronous machine tests = 127
• 5.8 Multi-pole machines = 129
• 5.8.1 Salient and non-salient poles = 130
• 5.9 Starting synchronous motors = 132
• 5.9.1 Synchronising synchronous generators = 133
• 5.10 Excitation systems for synchronous motors = 135
• 5.11 Applications = 137
• 5.12 Conclusions = 139
• Problems = 139
• 6 Induction motors = 141
• 6.1 Introduction = 141
• 6.2 Development of the equivalent circuit = 141
• 6.3 Induction motor tests = 152
• 6.4 Torque／speed characteristic = 152
• 6.5 Squirrel-cage motors = 162
• 6.6 Starting three-phase induction motors = 165
• 6.7 Single-phase induction motors = 166
• 6.7.1 Introduction = 166
• 6.7.2 The equivalent circuit = 166
• 6.7.3 Types of single-phase induction motors = 173
• 6.7.4 Applications = 179
• 6.7.5 Conclusions = 180
• Problems = 180
• 7 D.c. machines = 182
• 7.1 Introduction = 182
• 7.2 Homopolar and heteropolar machines = 182
• 7.3 E.m.f. and torque equations = 184
• 7.4 Commutation = 190
• 7.5 Armature reaction = 193
• 7.6 Methods of excitation = 194
• 7.7 Losses in d.c. machines = 195
• 7.8 Machine characteristics = 196
• 7.9 The shunt-connected motor = 197
• 7.10 The shunt-connected generator = 201
• 7.11 The series-connected motor = 205
• 7.12 Compound excitation = 210
• 7.13 The universal motor = 212
• 7.14 Starting d.c. motors = 213
• 7.15 Ward-Leonard system = 214
• 7.16 Applications = 215
• 7.17 Conclusions = 216
• Problems = 216
• 8 Other machines including magnetic and linear machines = 219
• 8.1 Introduction = 219
• 8.2 Reluctance motors = 219
• 8.3 Stepping-motors = 221
• 8.4 Disc motors = 223
• 8.5 Linear motors = 225
• 8.6 Superconducting machines = 227
• 8.7 Conclusions = 231
• 9 Power electronics = 232
• 9.1 Introduction = 232
• 9.2 Semiconductor switching devices = 232
• 9.2.1 Diodes and thyristors = 233
• 9.2.2 Power transistors = 236
• 9.2.3 State of the art and future devices = 238
• 9.3 A.c. to d.c. converters (rectifiers) = 239
• 9.4 D.c. to d.c. converters = 243
• 9.5 D,c. to a.c. converters (inverters) = 244
• 9.6 The cycloconverter = 247
• 9.7 Variable speed d.c. drives = 249
• 9.8 Variable speed a. c. drive svstems = 251
• 9.9 Conclusions = 254
• Appendices = 256
• References = 261
• Index = 262