심리치료에서 정서적 울음에 대한 고찰 = A review of emotional crying in psychotherapy

국문 초록 (Abstract)

심리치료에서 내담자의 울음 현상은 치료적 변화에 중요한 단서가 될 수 있지만 내담자 울음에 대한 해석과 활용에 대한 논의는 거의 이루어지지 않았다. 본고는 울음에 대한 이론적 고찰을 통해 그 동안 간과되어 왔던 심리치료에서 울음 연구의 필요성을 일깨우고 내담자 울음을 이해하는 데 유용한 몇 가지 측면들을 제시하려고 하였다. 이를 위해 국내외 울음 관련 문헌을 살펴보았고 그에 따른 논의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 그동안의 연구에서는 울음의 사회적 상호작용 관점이 부각되고 있으며 이는 치료자와의 관계적 측면에서 내담자 울음을 이해하는 것이 필요하다는 점을 시사한다. 둘째, 내담자 울음은 치료적으로 중요한 정서표현이고 이론적 관점에 따라서 그 중요성에 대한 설명은 다르지만 공통적으로 울음에 대한 인지적 탐색이 동반될 때 치료적이라고 본다. 셋째, 심리치료에서 울음이 항상 치료적으로 순기능만 하는 것은 아니고 울음의 도출과 조절에 영향을 줄 수 있는 내담자 개인적 특성을 고려해서 울음을 이해하고 활용해야 한다. 마지막으로 내담자 울음에 대한 이해와 치료적 개입에 대해 설명할 수 있는 근거로서 경험적 연구가 필요하고 이를 위해 심리치료에서 울음 연구를 위한 연구방법론의 확장이 요구된다.

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