早熟栽培 토마토에 있어서 Tomatoton의 第1段花房處理가 그 上位花房의 結實에 미치는 影響 = Effect of Tomatoton Treatment at the First Cluster on the Fruitification of the Upper Clusters in Early Tomato Culture

국문 초록 (Abstract)

Tomato에 Hormone劑인 Tomatoton을 處理함으로서 그 效果를 알고자 함과 同時에 第1段花房處理가 2段, 3段에 미치는 영향을 알고자 着果數, 初期果肥大(果直經), 收穫日數, 收量等을 調査하여 分析한바 그 結果를 要約하면 다음과 같다.
1. 着果數‥一般管理에 準한 本實驗에서 着果數에 關하여 處理와 無處理에 있어 別效果없이 나타났으며, 第1段花房處理가 그 上位段에 미치는 영향도 差를 볼 수 없었다.
2. 果直經‥初期의 果肥大를 알고자 果直經을 調査한 바 處理와 無處理에 5%의 有意性이 있었으며, 第1段花房處理가 그 上位段果에 미치는 영향으로는 2段果에서 反對로 나타나 1段花 處理가 2段果의 果肥大에 영향을 미쳤고 3段果에서는 別 영향을 보이지 않았다. 全體的인 處理區와 無處理區의 比較를 爲한 F test에서는 處理에 있어서 高度의 有意性이 있어 그 效果를 認定하였다.
3. 收穫日數‥收穫日數에 있어서의 處理는 無處理에 比하여 약간 빨라진 경향이 있으며, 第1段花房處理가 그 上位段果에 미치는 영향은 2段果에서 약간 보이고 3段果까지는 미치지 않으며, 全體의 處理區와 無處理區의 比較를 爲한 F test에서 處理에 5%의 有意性이 있었다.
4. 收量‥第1段의 處理와 無處理에 있어 5%의 有意性이 있었으며, 第1段花房處理에 있어 그 上位段果에 미치는 영향은 2段果에서 약간 보이고, 3段果까지는 別差異를 나타내지 않는 경향이였다. 全體의 處理區와 無處理區의 比較에서는 有意差를 認定할 수 없었다.
以上의 諸結果로 Tomato에 있어 Tomatoton을 處理함으로서 그處理에 있어서는 果肥大와 그 促進에 效果가 있으며, 第1段花房處理가 그 上位段果에 미치는 영향은 3段果까지는 나타나지 않으나, 2段果에는 關係하는 경향이 있어 收穫日數 及 收量에 若干 逆效果의 結果가 보인다.
그러나 實在面에서 出荷期경쟁이 심한 Tomato에서는 處理段의 그 上位段에 이 程度의 逆效果가 있더라도 早期出荷를 爲하여 實地裁培에서는 有效하다고 생각 된다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of the present study is to determine what effect of the tomatoton treatment has on the untreated second and third clusters when treated at the first cluster. Thereupon, number of fruit set, diameter of fruit during early period, number of days for maturity and yield were examined. Analyses of variances for those four characters were undertaken.
The results obtained are summarized as follows:
I. Number of Fruit set; As this work was conducted on the basis of a generalized method and the weather conditions were relatively favorable for fruit setting, this experiment showed neither significant difference in number on fruit set between the treated and untreated plots on the first cluster, nor did the ovary treatment in the first flower cluster influence the upper cluster.
II. Diameter of Fruit; The diameter of fruit was measured to determine the fruit size of early period, and as a result there was statistically significant difference at the 5% level between the treated and untreated plots on the first cluster. More noteworthy, the hormone ovary treatment in the first cluster tended to effect by converse the ovary in the second cluster, but not in the third ones. As a whole, in the F test performed on a total basis to compare the plant from the ovary treated with that from untreated, it showed significant difference at the 1% level for diameter of fruit between the treated and untreated plants. So, it was recognized that effect of treatment was favorable.
III. Number of days for Maturity; Tomatoton treatment tended to speed the number of days for maturity to some extent as compared with untreated plots on the first cluster. As to wether to influence the upper clusters or not, at the same time, this speeding responded only to the second cluster but not in the least to any other clusters higher than that. Also in the F test performed to calculate maturity dates by comparing the treated and untreated plants, it showed the significant difference at the 5% level between each other.
IV. Yield, There were significant difference at the 5% level for yield between the treated and untreated plots on the first cluster. As far as yield is concerned, there was tendency that effect of tomatoton treatment appeared on the first cluster, but the treatment in the first cluster tended to effect by converse the ovary in the second cluster, while in no higher clusters any noticeable difference was seen. And in total comparison of the treated plant with those untreated ones, no tincture of the significant difference was to be comfirmed.
In view of the above results, it is recognized that tomatoton treatment on tomatoes enlarged fruit size and, thereby, early and total yields were increased, and also that as hormone ovary treatment in the first cluster does not show its effect anywhere in higher than the second cluster, but only in the second and, thereby, number of days for maturity and yield result in adverse effect. Actually, however, such tomato culture as was tried in the above-mentioned experiment is firmly believed to bring benefit, although the hormone ovary treatment in first cluster tended to effect adversely the ovary in the second cluster, for it is commercially desirable to market tomato in time of early yield and meet their competitive demand at a comparatively early delivery.