주희의 공 개념과 지역자발주의의 출현 = The Changed Meaning of Gong and Political Ethics in Zhu Xi`s Works

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper examines the influence of Zhu Xi`s thought on the political practices of local literati in late imperial China. Focusing on the dilemma of two colliding ethics facing with Zhu Xi, this paper demonstrates that he reconciled siyin (special care for one`s family and neighbors) and gongyi (impartial treatment toward the whole community) by emphasizing the state of an impartial mind guiding one`s action. Zhu Xi`s new definition of gong implied that the literati have the right to initiate voluntary institutions for the community outside of the government. Moreover, the literati`s management of their own households and local society had political significance, as opposed to the traditional way of thinking, which limited political activity to government affairs. This view justified the localized pattern of elites` behavior, promoting an alternative model of social control. Following Zhu`s vision, the Chinese state since the southern Song dynasty enhanced its capacity to rule the empire by allowing officials and social elites to share political agendas and responsibilities.

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