Extended Hall–Petch Relationships for Yield, Cleavage and Intergranular Fracture Strengths of bcc Steel and Its Deformation and Fracture Behaviors

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Extended Hall–Petch relationships for yield (y ), cleavage (cl ) and intergranular fracture (ig) strengths of pure iron havebeen established through the direct calculation of the proportional constant (k) and the estimation of the friction stress (0) .
The magnitude orders of k and0 are generally ky< kcl< kig and y0< cl0< ig0 , respectively. Based on the Hall–Petchrelationships, micro-yielding in a bcc steel occurs at the instance that the pile-up dislocations within a specific grain showingthe Schmid factor of 0.5 propagate into the neighboring grain. The initial brittle crack is formed at the instance that the flowstrength exceeds the brittle fracture strength. Once the brittle crack is formed, it grows catastrophically. Due to the smallestand ky andy0 , the cleavage and the intergranular fracture occur always after micro-yielding. The {100} cleavage fracture ofthe steel is due to the lowest theoretical {100} cleavage strength. Due to the thermal components included in cleavage andintergranular fracture strengths, they show also the temperature and strain rate dependence observed in yield strength. Theincrease in susceptibility to brittle fracture with decreasing temperature and increasing strain rate is due to the increase indislocation density which causes the high work hardening rate.

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