중국 진출 글로벌 기업의 기업차원 사회적 책임활동과 개인차원 사회적 책임활동의 선행요인 및 결과에 관한 연구

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

With the development of globalization and the increasingly fiercer competition among corporations on the international stage, the global corporations are also actively exploring overseas market. However, some of the global corporations who use local resources to pursue economic interests bring a lot of problems such as ecological destructions, squeezing labor and others. Corporate Social Responsibility is one of the best tools to reduce these negative images of global corporations.
Through social responsibility activities, global corporations could not only improve enterprise's reputation and brand image, improve market share and strengthen the external competitiveness, but also attract and retain good employees, reduce operating costs, improve profitability, strengthen the company's internal ability, minimize the negative social influence, and strengthen the relations with stakeholders. Therefore, with the increasing demand for corporate social responsibility activities, it is very necessary for the global corporations improve their own value from the perspective of strategic corporate social responsibility.
In recent years, more and more companies make employees directly involved in the social responsibility activities such as donation or volunteer activities in order to improve employees' sense of belonging to the enterprise, and these activities have become one of the important management strategies of enterprises. Even so, the view of social responsibility activities from the pioneer studies found that most research is mainly limited to the corporate social responsibility activities. The related studies on the individual level are very few. Therefore, it is very necessary to make a clearer and more systematic empirical research for the global companies whose employees are directly involved in the companies’ social responsibility activities.
In addition, in the background of accelerating global competition, it is very important that the company internal members play a maximum efficiency in order to maintain the sustainable development of enterprises. Therefore, research on global Corporate Social Responsibility should pay much more attention to the organizational effectiveness, job satisfaction and organizational commitment, rather than confined to the economic level.
At the same time, it could be regarded as a kind of organizational activities, whether it's corporate social responsibility activities or personal level of social responsibility activities. It is necessary to further understand the causes of this kind of behavior. So, in this study, the main reasons for the organizing of this activity will be discussed from the organizational culture, leadership, values, and other aspects.
Based on the above research background, the purpose of this study can be summarized as follows. First of all, to verify the effects of the corporate social responsibility and the individual level of social responsibility activities on organizational effectiveness respectively (fulfilling of duties, organization engagement).
Second, in this study, a comprehensive model were set up for the main factors such as influencing the global corporate social responsibility, choosing an Innovative Organization Culture, transformational leadership, the CEO's ethical values as well as the staff personal ethical values, and try to find out the influence of those factors to the corporate social responsibility and the individual level social responsibility respectively from the empirical analysis.
Third, in order to verify whether there is difference between globalization enterprises in the practice of social responsibility activities between different countries, this study choose south Korean enterprises in Chinese market, Japanese companies in Chinese market, and American companies in Chinese market as the research target, and try to reveal the differences and similarities between the enterprises.
In order to conclude the research purpose, this study adopted a theoretical research and empirical analysis of parallel method. At the same time, in order to verify whether the hypothesis is true, we made the market research. First of all, in order to improve the effectiveness of the research, a preliminary investigation was made before a formal investigation. By analyzing the results of the preliminary investigation, modify inappropriate questions, and finally made a formal investigation. The progress of the Formal investigation lasted from December 5, 2013 to February 27, 2014. The research object is the Chinese employees in south Korean companies, Japanese companies, American companies locate in China's Jilin, Beijing, Tianjin, Qinhuangdao, Dalian, Tangshan, Luoyang, Xi’an, Shanghai, Yantai, Weihai, Jinan, Qingdao, Yangzhou and other regions. Ultimate recovery is 673 questionnaires, including omissions and the very low honesty of 86 questionnaires, the number of effective questionnaires for statistical analysis is 587.
This study applies the SPSS 18.0 program to analyzes frequency , exploratory factor analysis, reliability analysis the correlation analysis, etc., and use AMOS18.0 program to do the confirmatory factor analysis and path analysis. In addition, in order to find the difference between global corporations, the South Korean companies, Japanese companies and American companies were made a statistical analysis respectively.
The results of this study can be summarized as follows.
First, from the respective analysis of the south Korean companies, Japanese companies, American companies, it could be seen that both a corporate social responsibility activities and the social responsibility activities of the individual level have a significant positive effect on the employees' job satisfaction and organization inputs. In other words, social responsibility activities from both enterprise level and individual level could improve the employee's job satisfaction and organization input.
Second, one of the main purposes of this study is to consider the corporate social responsibility and individual level social responsibility activities together, take a look at their influence on job satisfaction and organization engagement. Based on the results of the empirical analysis, corporate social responsibility activities could generate more intense impact than the individual level of social responsibility activities, on the contrary, as for the organization engagement, the individual level social responsibility are much stronger than corporate social responsibility.
Third, the results of the pioneer factors analysis of the corporate social responsibility activities and personal level of social responsibility activities are as follows:
First of all, from the aspect of innovative organizational culture and enterprise social responsibility activities and the relationship between the individual level social responsibility activities, innovative organizational culture of South Korean companies have a significant positive effect not only on corporate social responsibility activities, but also on the individual level social responsibility activities. However, innovative organizational culture of Japanese companies and American companies has great positive effect on corporate social responsibility activities and no effect on the individual level social responsibility activities.
Second, this study set up two variables related to the CEO, transformational leadership of the CEO, and the CEO's ethical values. As for the relationship between transformational leadership of the CEO, the corporate social responsibility activities and personal level of social responsibility activities, transformational leadership of the CEO in South Korean and Japanese enterprises have no effect on corporate social responsibility activities and personal level social responsibility activities, which goes to the opposite way in American Companies. In other words, transformational leadership of the CEO in American Companies has great effect on corporate social responsibility activities instead of personal level social responsibility activities
In addition, in the relationship of the CEO'S ethical values and corporate social responsibility activities and the individual level social responsibility activities, South Korean companies, Japanese enterprises and the American companies showed consistent results, i.e., the CEO'S ethical values have great positive effect on both corporate social responsibility activities and personal level of social responsibility activities. Through the analysis we can see, in the process of global corporate implicating social responsibility activities, the CEO'S ethical values are more important than the transformational leadership of the CEO.
Finally, in the relationship between the employees' personal ethical values and personal social responsibility activities, the employees’ personal ethical values in South Korean companies, Japanese companies and American companies have great positive effect on the personal level social responsibility activities. The staff and CEO, as the subjects of organizational behavior, have important significance. So it could be determined that global corporations, personal tendency or values, will have significant effect on organization activities which is similar to the social responsibility activity.
Through the results analysis, this study provides some theoretical significance and practical significance in improving organizational effectiveness of the global corporations, and the effective implementation of social responsibility activities.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 제Ⅰ장 서론 1
• 제1절. 연구의 배경 및 목적 1
• 제2절. 연구의 방법 및 구성 7
• 제Ⅱ장 글로벌기업의 사회적 책임활동과 관련된 연구 9
• 제1절. 기업차원 사회적 책임활동 9
• 1. 기업차원 사회적 책임활동의 개념 및 구성요소 9
• 2. 기업차원 사회적 책임활동의 선행요인 16
• 3. 기업차원 사회적 책임활동과 기업성과와의 관계 18
• 3.1 기업차원 사회적 책임활동과 재무성과와의 관계 18
• 3.2 기업차원 사회적 책임활동과 비재무적 성과와의 관계 21
• 4. 기업차원 사회적 책임활동과 조직유효성과의 관계 26
• 제2절. 개인차원 사회적 책임활동 30
• 1. 개인차원 사회적 책임활동의 개념 및 선행요인 31
• 1.1 개인차원 사회공헌활동의 개념 및 선행요인 31
• 1.2 윤리적 의사결정의 개념 및 선행요인 34
• 2. 개인차원 사회적 책임활동과 조직유효성과의 관계 38
• 2.1 개인차원 사회공헌활동과 조직유효성과의 관계 38
• 2.2 윤리적 의사결정과 조직유효성과의 관계 42
• 제Ⅲ장 글로벌기업의 사회적 책임활동의 선행요인 및 결과 43
• 제1절. 조직유효성 43
• 1. 조직몰입의 개념 및 유형 44
• 2. 직무만족의 개념 47
• 제2절. 조직문화 48
• 1. 조직문화의 개념 및 구성 48
• 2. 조직문화의 유형 52
• 3. 조직문화와 경영혁신과의 관계 55
• 4. 조직문화와 조직유효성과의 관계 58
• 5. 조직문화와 사회적 책임활동과의 관계 61
• 5.1 조직문화와 기업차원 사회적 책임활동과의 관계 61
• 5.2 조직문화와 개인차원 사회적 책임활동과의 관계 64
• 제3절. 변혁적 리더십 65
• 1. 변혁적 리더십의 개념 및 유형 65
• 2. 변혁적 리더십과 조직유효성과의 관계 67
• 3. 변혁적 리더십과 사회적 책임활동과의 관계 69
• 3.1 변혁적 리더십과 기업차원 사회적 책임활동과의 관계 69
• 3.2 변혁적 리더십과 개인차원 사회적 책임활동과의 관계 71
• 제4절. 최고경영자의 윤리적 가치관 73
• 1. 최고경영자의 윤리적 가치관의 개념 73
• 2. 최고경영자의 윤리적 가치관과 조직 유효성과의 관계 75
• 3. 최고경영자의 윤리적 가치관과 사회적 책임활동과의 관계 77
• 3.1 최고경영자의 윤리적 가치관과 기업차원 사회적 책임활동과의 관계 77
• 3.2 최고경영자의 윤리적 가치관과 개인차원 사회적 책임활동과의 관계 79
• 제5절. 직원개인의 윤리적 가치관 81
• 1. 직원개인의 윤리적 가치관의 개념 81
• 2. 직원개인의 윤리적 가치관과 개인차원 사회적 책임활동과의 관계 81
• 제Ⅳ장 연구모형 및 연구가설 84
• 제1절. 연구모형 84
• 제2절. 연구가설 85
• 제3절. 변수의 정의 및 측정항목 96
• 제4절. 자료의 수집 및 분석 방법 101
• 제Ⅴ장 실증분석 112
• 제1절. 표본의 일반적 특성 112
• 제2절. 타당성 및 신뢰성 분석 114
• 제3절. 인구통계학적 특성별 변수의 차이점 비교분석 119
• 제4절. 가설 검증 129
• 제5절. 회사규모별로 나눠서 한 경로분석 결과 140
• 제Ⅵ장 결론 및 시사점 143
• 제1절. 연구결과 요약 및 해석 143
• 제2절. 연구의 시사점 148
• 제3절. 연구의 한계점 및 향후 연구방향 153
• 참고문헌 155
• 부록<설문지> 185