It is highly likely that North Korea will conduct a third nuclear test by the fall of 2012. There have been numerous reports and official remarks indicating that technical preparations are ready and it is the matter of a political decision. There are ...
It is highly likely that North Korea will conduct a third nuclear test by the fall of 2012. There have been numerous reports and official remarks indicating that technical preparations are ready and it is the matter of a political decision. There are several motivations that make the North Korean leadership to conduct a third test: laying a foundation for the "Great and Powerful Nation" that is supposed to open in 2012, creating a legacy for the ongoing third generation power succession, using as a bargaining chip for nuclear negotiation, enhancing nuclear deterrents by demonstrating more effective and powerful nuclear explosion, and exercising nuclear threat and intimidation against South Korea. Having in mind that North Korea gradually revealed its secret highly-enriched uranium (HEU) program after the second nuclear test in 2009, there is a strong possibility that a third test would use a HEU warhead. Since November 2009 when first mentioning the existence of the uranium enrichment program for a light water reactor under planning, North Korea has kept informing the international community of the program through briefings, letters, and media reports. And a year later in November 2010, North Koreans invited Dr. Siegfried Hecker to Yongbyon and publicized about 2,000 sophisticated centrifuge machines and the "ultra-modern" control room. North Korea's nuclear strategy after a third nuclear test will be unfolded in two ways. On the one hand, it will declare a freeze of the plutonium capability and also a moratorium of further nuclear testing. It will also promise not to proliferate its nuclear technologies and materials to a third country. At the same time, North Korea will insist on keeping the uranium enrichment program under the pretext of producing nuclear fuels for the pilot LWR under construction. In return, Pyongyang will demand the United States to reduce the USFK dramatically, withdraw the nuclear umbrella for Seoul, and normalize diplomatic relations. On the other hand, North Korea will propose to have a mutual nuclear disarmament talk with the United States. The idea would be that Pyongyang is willing to give up its nuclear weapons if Washington withdraw its nuclear capabilities from Northeast Asia. The international community needs to take preemptive measures to deter North Korea from conducting a third test. First of all, it is urgent to tighten the existing United Nations Security Council resolutions adopted for North Korea. Then, China should be asked to be more forthcoming in exercising its power and carrying out international obligations with the purpose of reigning in North Korea's provocative behaviors. At the same time, South Korea could nnounce possible measures to implement in case of North Korea's third nuclear testing.