교육정책원리로서 교정적 평등의 의미와 한계 = The Idea of Equality and its Application for the Retributive Principle in Education

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper has focused on the problem as to whether the retributive principles as an applicable principle of equality can actually contribute to the realization of the egalitarian ideal and to the equalization policy in education. To dissolve the inequalities, the settlement of unlimited opportunities and the principle of redress have been taken into account. Concerning the latter, the Rawlsian maximin principle has been minutely examined. And then we have found out its pitfall that there are possibilities to restrict the liberty of each individual and also to bring about tyranny, as a consequence from seeking to satisfy retribution only. The positive retribution has a room to be adopted rather than negative one, but it also has difficulties the same as ones of the equalized policies the left egalitarians assert. Just as effective freedom can be achieved when understood as formal freedom, effective equality for the egalitarian plateau would be even realized in the light of equal opportunity principle as well as the liberal idea of competition. In this context, the retributive problems in the Korean educational system have been examined as follows: High school Equalization Policy(HEP), the so-called 3 Prohibition Policies in University Entrance Exam System, State Monopoly in Curriculum and Teacher Education, State Control on Private School and so on. These are designated for the retributive devices under the egalitarian ideal but worsen even solid basis for equality in direct opposition so that Korean Education may be faced with the danger to weaken the power of education. In the Hayekian tone, the problem of equality necessitates spontaneous order rather than artificial order that can rationalize state intervention under the illusion of social justice. Thus the focus in equal education should be placed on the equal opportunity and individual differences as well as personal choice under the process of natural selection.

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