백초월 독립운동의 성격 - 용성·만해와 비교하여 본 단면 - = Characteristics of Baek Cho-wol’s Independence Movement - Comparing to that of Yongseong and Manhae -

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper is to find out the characteristics and position of the national movement of Baek Cho-wol (1878∼1944) who was recently recognized as one of the fighters for independence. To do this, I tried to analyze by comparing him with Baek Yong-seong and Manhae Han Yong-un who were the Buddhist fighter for independence of the modern times. This idea came from my belief that we have to understand Baek Cho-wol, Baek Yong-seong and Han Yong-un equally.
Based on this background, I have compared Chowol with Yongseong and Manhae. I have analyzed him in four areas including his asceticism, his whereabouts before participating in March First Independence Movement, contents of independence movement, the memories and research on his spirit and accomplishments.
However, the research on Baek Cho-wol should be supplemented more. Therefore, as the viewpoint of the research on Baek Cho-wol, I propose the identity called Gangbaek, Gangwon, the fact that he directed the domestic Buddhists’ independence movement, his relationships with the provisional government and the national independence army in Manchuria, and a detailed approach to Ilsimgyo.
With regard to the representative 3 figures (Yongseong, Manhae and Chowol) of Buddhist fighters for independence that I have emphasized, I would propose a reconsideration for the recognition of them. I will compensate the weakness of this paper through consistent research, however, I am still waiting for the researchers’ criticism.