An Illustrated guide to electrical safety

목차 (Table of Contents)

• CONTENTS
• Section 1910.303 General Requirements = 1
• (a) Approval = 1
• (b) Examination, Installation, and Use of Equipment = 1
• (1) Examination = 1
• (2) Installation and Use = 1
• (c) Splices = 1
• (d) Arcing Parts = 4
• (e) Marking = 4
• (f) Identification of Disconnecting Means and Circuits = 4
• (g) 600 Volts, Nominal, or Less = 7
• (1) Working Space About Electrical Equipment = 7
• (2) Guarding of Live Parts = 11
• (h) Over 600 Volts, Nominal = 12
• (1) General = 12
• (2) Enclosure for Electrical Installations = 12
• (3) Workspace About Equipment = 12
• Section 1910.304 Wiring Design and Protection = 17
• (a) Use and Identification of Grounded and Grounding Conductors = 17
• (1) Identification of Conductors = 17
• (2) Polarity of Connections = 18
• (3) Use of Grounding Terminals and Devices = 18
• (b) Branch Circuits = 22
• (1) Ground-Fault Protection for Personnel on Construction Sites. = 22
• (2) Outlet Devices = 23
• (c) Outside Conductors, 600 Volts, Nominal, or Less = 23
• (1) Conductors on Poles = 24
• (2) Clearance From Ground = 26
• (3) Clearance From Building Openings = 26
• (4) Clearance Over Roofs = 26
• (5) Location of Outdoor Lamps = 28
• (d) Services = 28
• (1) Disconnecting Means = 28
• (2) Services Over 600 Volts, Nominal = 30
• (e) Overcurrent Protection = 30
• (1) 600 Volts, Nominal, or Less = 30
• (2) Over 600 Volts, Nominal = 34
• (f) Grounding = 34
• (1) Systems To Be Grounded = 35
• (2) Conductors To Be Grounded = 42
• (3) Grounding Connections = 42
• (4) Grounding Path = 46
• (5) Supports, Enclosures, and Equipment To Be Grounded = 46
• (6) Methods of Grounding Fixed Equipment = 50
• (7) Grounding of Systems and Circuits of 1000 Volts and Over(High Voltage) = 53
• Section 1910.305 Wiring Methods, Components, and Equipment for General Use = 59
• (a) Wiring Methods = 59
• (1) General Requirements = 59
• (2) Temporary Wiring = 59
• (3) Cable Trays = 65
• (4) Open Wiring on Insulators = 66
• (b) Cabinets, Boxes, and Fittings = 67
• (1) Conductors Entering Boxes, Cabinets, or Fittings = 67
• (2) Covers and Canopies = 67
• (3) Pull and Junction Boxes for Systems Over 600 Volts, Nominal = 68
• (c) Switches = 68
• (1) Knife Switches = 68
• (2) Faceplates for Flush-Mounted Snap Switches = 70
• (d) Switchboards and Panelboards = 70
• (e) Enclosures for Damp or Wet Locations = 71
• (f) Conductors for General Wiring = 71
• (g) Flexible Cords and Cables = 72
• (1) Use of Flexible Cords and Cables = 72
• (2) Identification, Splices, and Terminations = 73
• (h) Portable Cables Over 600 Volts, Nominal = 73
• (i) Fixture Wires = 73
• (1) General = 73
• (2) Uses Permitted = 73
• (3) Uses Not Permitted = 73
• (j) Equipment for General Use = 73
• (1) Lighting Fixtures, Lampholders, Lamps, and Receptacles = 73
• (2) Receptacles, Cord Connectors, and Attachment Plugs (Caps) = 74
• (3) Appliances = 76
• (4) Motors = 77
• (5) Transformers = 85
• (6) Capacitors = 89
• (7) Storage Batteries = 89
• Section 1910.306 Specific Purpose Equipment and Installations = 91
• (a) Electric Signs and Outline Lighting = 91
• (1) Disconnecting Means = 91
• (b) Cranes and Hoists = 91
• (1) Disconnecting Means = 91
• (2) Control = 94
• (3) Clearance = 94
• (c) Elevators, Dumbwaiters, Escalators, and Moving Walks = 94
• (1) Disconnecting Means = 94
• (2) Warning Signs = 94
• (3) Control Panels = 95
• (d) Electric Welders - Disconnecting Means = 95
• (e) Data Processing Systems - Disconnecting Means = 96
• (f) X-Ray Equipment = 98
• (1) Disconnecting Means = 98
• (2) Control = 98
• (g) Induction and Dielectric Heating Equipment = 99
• (1) Scope = 99
• (2) Guarding and Grounding = 100
• (3) Remote Control = 100
• (h) Electrolytic Cells = 102
• (1) Scope = 102
• (2) Definitions Applicable to this Paragraph = 102
• (3) Application = 104
• (4) Disconnecting Means = 104
• (5) Portable Electric Equipment = 105
• (6) Power Supply Circuits and Receptacles for Portable Electric Equipment = 105
• (7) Fixed and Portable Electric Equipment = 106
• (8) Auxiliary Nonelectric Connections = 106
• (9) Cranes and Hoists = 106
• (i) Electrically Driven or Controlled Irrigation Machines = 107
• (1) Lightning Protection = 107
• (2) Disconnecting Means = 107
• (j) Swimming Pools, Fountains, and Similar Installations = 107
• (1) Scope = 107
• (2) Lighting and Receptacles = 107
• (3) Cord- and Plug-Connected Equipment = 111
• (4) Underwater Equipment = 111
• (5) Fountains = 111
• Section 1910.307 Hazardous (Classified) Locations = 113
• (a) Scope = 113
• (b) Electrical Installations = 115
• (1) Intrinsically Safe = 115
• (2) Approved for the Hazardous(Classified) Location = 115
• (3) Safe for the Hazardous(Classified) Location = 115
• (c) Conduits = 143
• (d) Equipment in Division 2 Locations = 143
• Section 1910.308 Special Systems = 145
• (a) Systems Over 600 Volts, Nominal = 145
• (1) Wiring Methods for Fixed Installations = 145
• (2) Interrupting and Isolating Devices = 146
• (3) Mobile and Portable Equipment = 147
• (4) Tunnel Installations = 147
• (b) Emergency Power systems = 148
• (1) Scope = 148
• (2) Wiring Methods = 148
• (3) Emergency Illumination = 149
• (c) Class 1, Class 2, and Class 3 Remote Control, Signaling, and Power-Limited Conductor Circuits = 149
• (1) Classification = 149
• (2) Marking = 154
• (d) Fire Protective Signaling Systems = 154
• (1) Classifications = 154
• (2) Power Sources = 154
• (3) Non-Power-Limited Conductor Location = 154
• (4) Power-Limited Conductor Location = 155
• (5) Identification = 156
• (e) Communications systems = 158
• (1) Scope = 158
• (2) Protective Devices = 158
• (3) Conductor Location = 159
• (4) Equipment Location = 160
• (5) Grounding = 160
• Section 1910.399 Definitions Applicable to This Subpart = 161
• (a) Definitions Applicable to 1910.302 Through 1910.330 = 161
• FIGURES
• 1 Sample Mechanical Splicing Devices = 2
• 2 Conductors Mechanically Joined and Soldered = 3
• 3 Insulating a Splice With Electrical Tape = 3
• 4 Each Disconnect and Circuit Requires Identification = 5
• 5 Four Identified Disconnect Switches = 6
• 6 Disconnect Switch Located on Machine ； No Label Required = 7
• 7 Condition (a) - Live Parts on One Side and No Live or Grounded Parts on the Other Side = 9
• 8 Condition (b) - Exposed Live Parts on One Side and Grounded Parts on the Other Side = 10
• 9 Condition (c) - Exposed Live Unguarded Parts on Both Sides = 11
• 10 Working Spaces Behind Electric Equipment = 13
• 11 Switchboard With Internal Workspace = 16
• 12 Distribution Panelboard = 18
• 13 Correct and Incorrect Wiring of Duplex Receptacles = 19
• 13 Correct and Incorrect Wiring of Duplex Receptacles (continued) = 20
• 13 Correct and Incorrect Wiring of Duplex Receptacles (continued) = 21
• 14 Duplex Receptacle Correctly Wired to Designated Terminals = 21
• 15 Open Conductors Installed on Insulators on the Surface of a Building = 24
• 16 Safe Climbing Spaces for Power Conductors Located Over Communication Conductors = 25
• 17 8 Feet or More Above a Flat Roof = 26
• 18 Minimum Distance of 3 Feet From Sloping Roof to Overhead Wires = 27
• 19 Minimum Clearance From Roof to Wires Over Roof Overhang = 27
• 19 Minimum Clearance From Roof to Wires Over Roof Overhang (continued) = 28
• 20 Three Acceptable Arrangements for Service-Entrance Disconnecting Means = 29
• 21 Common Types of Fuses = 31
• 22 Cutaway View of a Circuit Breaker = 32
• 23 Disconnects for Overcurrent Devices = 33
• 24 System and Equipment Grounding = 35
• 25 250-Volt Three-Wire DC System. The Neutral Conductor is Grounded at the Source = 36
• 26 Grounded 2-Wire DC System Supplying an Electroplating Operation = 37
• 27 AC Circuits Under 50 Volts Requiring Grounding = 38
• 27 AC Circuits Under 50 Volts Requiring Grounding (continued) = 39
• 28 Grounding Connections = 43
• 29 Grounding Connection for a Separately Derived System = 44
• 30 Grounding Connection for an Ungrounded Service-Supplied System = 45
• 31 Equipment Grounding Ahead of System Disconnect Switch for an Ungrounded System = 46
• 32 Cord- and Plug-Connected Equipment Without a Grounding Conductor = 48
• 33 Cord- and Plug-Connected Equipment With a Grounding Conductor = 49
• 34 Grounding Methods for Fixed Equipment Using a Separate Conductor or Metal Enclosures as the Equipment Grounding Conductor = 50
• 35 Grounding Method for Fixed Equipment Using Circuit Conductor Enclosures as Equipment Grounding Conductor = 51
• 36 Motor Suitably Grounded by Its Attachment to Grounded Structure = 52
• 37 Equipment Considered Effectively Grounded = 53