호남지역의 철기문화 : 호남지역 원삼국시대 패총의 현황과 형성배경 = Current Situations and Formation Background on the Shell Middens of the Proto - Three Kingdoms Period in Honam Province

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Many shell middens of the Proto-Three Kingdoms period have recently been investigated in coastal land area as well as islands area of Honam province. Because the shell middens have been distributed widely and included various artifacts for a short duration, they are one of the most representative remains of the Proto-Three Kingdoms period. The shell midden of Proto-Three Kingdoms period was started from the stage using pottery with clay stripes(粘土帶土器) centered in island area, and its lineage traced back to the culture of pottery with clay stripes related with the Upper Xiajiadian Culture(夏家粘土層文化). Considering elliptic shaped dwelling sites and the existence of plain-reddish brown pottery(無文系赤褐色土器) after the influx of beating patterned pottery(打捺文土器), we know there remains strongly local color in the area where shell middens were formed. Most of the shell middens formed at coastal land area belong to 2nd∼3rd century A.D., which suggest directly the use of marine resources was very active at that time. Concerning the character and formation of the shell middens during this period, it has been suggested various facters such as conflict, full-time fishing activity etc. But I thought these factors are not enough to explain directly about formation of all the shell middens during this period. Thus I turned my attention to the climate factor among the elements of natural environment. Although the researches of Holocene sea-level curve in Korea have not yet shown same result, the climate of the period between 2nd∼3nd century A.D., when a number of the shell middens were formed at coastal land area, has been inferred to be relatively cold period by historical material of Samkuksagi(三國史記) and climate-related data of the world. Based on this inferrence, comparing the atmospheric temperature of the yearly mean with very cold years recently and the amount of rice production, I noticed that the fall of temperature of 1∼2 degrees strongly influenced the agricultural production. Therefore the formation of the shell middens during Proto-Three Kingdoms period can be interpreted as a try to overcome the decline of agricultural productivity which was caused by climate-coldness in coastal land area.