Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), particularly Crohn’s disease (CD), is characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, driven by dysregulated immune responses and altered gene expression. This study investigates the roles of IL...
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), particularly Crohn’s disease (CD), is characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, driven by dysregulated immune responses and altered gene expression. This study investigates the roles of IL-33 and MACC1 in IBD pathogenesis and the therapeutic potential of specific miRNAs from colon epithelial cells of CD patients.
Small RNA sequencing of terminal ileum tissues identified miR-378a-3p and miR-338-3p as differentially expressed miRNAs in inflamed tissues of CD patients. The differential expression of these miRNAs was further validated through qRT-PCR analysis, confirming their significant downregulation in inflamed tissues. Target analysis revealed that miR-378a-3p regulates IL-33, while miR-338-3p targets MACC1, both of which are associated with inflammatory pathways relevant to IBD pathogenesis, suggesting their potential role in modulating inflammatory responses in Crohn's disease. In vivo experiments using a DSS-induced colitis mouse model demonstrated that administering these miRNAs alleviated disease symptoms as assessed by colon length, disease activity index, and immune cell infiltration. Immunohistochemical analyses confirmed a decrease in the expression of IL-33 and MACC1 in miRNA-treated groups. Notably, the treatment with miR-378a-3p, targeting IL-33, significantly reduced MACC1 expression in the colon of mice. In vitro studies with colon epithelial cell lines indicated that IL-33 treatment elevated MACC1 expression at both mRNA and protein levels, as confirmed by qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis, suggesting an interaction between IL-33 and MACC1. RNA-seq analysis revealed a positive correlation between IL-33 and MACC1 expression, further supporting their interconnected roles in CD pathogenesis and relevance in inflammatory pathways.
These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of miR-378a-3p and miR-338-3p in regulating IL-33 and MACC1 to mitigate inflammation in CD pathogenesis. Their application may provide a promising foundation for miRNA- based treatment strategies for CD treatments. Keywords: Crohn’s disease, Inflammatory bowel disease, microRNA, IL-33, MACC1