낙관성 향상 프로그램의 개발과 그 효과 : 대안적 사고능력과 결과적 사고능력의 매개효과

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study aims to develop the optimism improvement program and verify its effects. The ultimate goal of life is a happy life, and the recent research trend reflecting this is positive psychology. Positive psychologydeal with optimism as an important concept like a mechanism making people’s life more adaptive. Seligman(1990) said
that optimism is not born but learnable. His opinion was supported as an effective treatment study by performing The Penn Prevention Program for children with depression. This study modified and complemented this program according to Korean children, and developed a new optimism improvement program.
To verify the effects of the program developed in this study, the program was conducted to the total 57 of fifth elementary school students and first middle school students, and the 58-persons waiting list control group with the same grade to that of the study subjects was prepared. The experimental group participated in the program six times twice a week. As to the experimental group, the post-test was conducted after performing the pre-test and the optimism improvement program while regarding the waiting list control group, pre-test and post-test were performed without any treatment.
As the result of ANCOVA(analysis of covariance) with the pre-test as covariate, optimism and alternative solution thinking ability of the group participated in the program was significantly higher than those of the non-participants. This showed this study’s developed program had an effect, and alternative solution thinking ability was the mechanism of optimism improvement. Consequential thinking ability increased compared to before, but the score difference compared to the waiting list control group was not statistically significant. It seems because the program developed by this study didn’t deal with consequential thinking ability directly. In addition, as the result of checking if alternative solution thinking ability and consequential thinking ability that this program dealt with as a key mediate optimism improvement by means of parameter variables analysis, mediator effect of alternative solution thinking ability was verified but that of consequential thinking ability was not verified.
This study is meaningful in that the optimism improvement program was developed according to Korean culture and actual conditions, it was economical because it could be performed shorter than existing programs, and the subjects were enough to verify the effects of the program. The follow-up study needs to divide the researcher and the program producer, and conduct the follow-up test.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목 차
• Ⅰ. 서론 1
• Ⅱ. 낙관성 향상 프로그램의 개발 10
• 1. 낙관성 향상 프로그램의 이론적 기초 10
• 2. 프로그램 재구성 준거 11
• 3. 프로그램의 구성 12
• Ⅲ. 연구방법 15
• 1. 참여자 15
• 2. 측정도구 15
• 3. 연구절차 18
• Ⅳ. 결과 20
• 1. 프로그램의 효과 20
• 2. 대안 및 결과적 사고능력의 매개효과 23
• Ⅴ. 논의 26
• 참고문헌 35
• Abstract 40
• 부 록 43