五四와 文革 ― 중국혁명의 상징체계 = The May Fourth & The Cultural Revolution: A Symbolism of The Chinese Revolution

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study briefly examined the process how the evaluative perspective of ‘5⋅4’ developed in the discourse of Chinese Revolution and discussed how ‘5⋅4’ and ‘the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution(GPCR)’ became a mutually regulating system of political symbolism for China's history of revolutions in the 20th Century and the underlying logic. The purpose of the study was to suggest why it is necessary to critically reconsider the logic underlying the narrative of China's revolutions in the 20th Century.
The 'narrative of enlightenment' in the 80s where the complicated process of historical development was reenacted under an exclusively dualized structure of ‘5⋅4 vs. the GPCR’ was a kind of symbolic reenactment of history. This ‘narrative of enlightenment’ attempted to arrange ‘enlightenment’ and ‘the GPCR’ in a row and resolve all ideological chances of the GPCR through the value of enlightenment. Considering the modernity of Chinese socialism, the GPCR implied a modern political factor of ‘rebel of the masses (Zaofan, 造反)’ which had not been found in the another socialist history. In a meaning, therefore, the GPCR was already the greatest enlightenment. Likewise, the radicalism of the GPCR attempted to remove the values of enlightenment and cultural innovation underlying the 5⋅4 Movement through ‘the discourse of Youth Day,’ but once they are removed, the modernity of Chinese socialism had to be an empty shell.
The primary issue encountered by the study of Chinese contemporary literature today is the limitation of the ‘narrative of enlightenment’ in the 80s. However, the root of the ‘narrative of the 80s’ reaches out to the narrative of the time of the GPCR.
Therefore, overcoming the narrative of the 80s can essentially be achieved only when the core issues of the GPCR are reinterpreted and reflected upon in the context of the present day. This is a more essential issue of the Chinese intellectual history.
What is required first to resolve these ideological assignments would be a critical awareness and dissolution of the symbolism of ‘5⋅4 vs. the GPCR' that is secretly working in the isolated and exclusive description of the Great Cultural Revolution and the 80s.

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