Especially in developed countries, due to acceleration in development and convergence in between industries, the economy has changed from a product economy to a service economy. Domestically, as the growth of the service industry accelerated due to ch...
Especially in developed countries, due to acceleration in development and convergence in between industries, the economy has changed from a product economy to a service economy. Domestically, as the growth of the service industry accelerated due to changing demanges, there has been an increase in demand and expectation for service design in industries as a whole, beyond the design field. The businesses that first encountered the concept of service design made many success stories and developed the service design sector. However, the term “service design” is linguistically a compound combining two different words, making the term comprehensive and ambiguous. Also, service design has lost its true meaning because of Korea’s unique culture of regarding it as an extra free gift. This influences service design projects; even if the word “service design” is merely mentioned in the outcome it is considered a service design practice. Thus we conducted a research to study what is service design and what are the core principles that should be kept in service design projects.
Firstly, we re-defined service design through document research in the public sector, private sector, and academic sector and looked at the basic characteristics and methods. We studied the design ladder model, design 4 step model, and the knowledge triangle model to understand the concept of service deisgn as a design process. I also checked the necessity of this research by looking through reference material on how service desing is actually being used on the spot. I deducted and structured the components needed during the service design project in the public, private, and academic sector. For the purpose of this research, i chose the Core77 Design Awards prize-winning outcomes from 2011 to 2017 to analyze. I then combined the 5W1H and the structured components, which are the standards for deducting implicative outcomes and made component analysis framework. ‘Who’-service design commission and collaborative co-creation with the related institutions, ‘when’-the project production time, concept or text and prototyping, the actual range used among the actual service, ‘where’-the project region, the clients main business fields, the project fields, ‘what’-the outcome and its form, contribution, consideration of inner organization ‘how’-contextual research, methodology, ‘why’-service design background: I analyzed this and looked through the progress by year.
As a result of content analysis research, I discovered that service design commissions were usually covered by private corporations, and among the places responsible for service design, designer/specialized institutions were in charge of all cases except those cases not mentioned. Among the cases whose production period was mentioned, the longest was 2 years and the shortest 11 weeks. There were comparatively more cases in the actual market than those conducted as concepts, text, or prototype. Analyzing the cases by continent, America had the most. There were even cases in wich the field of the project was changed from the client’s original main buisness field. Among service development, toods, solutions, strategies, the forms of the outcomes were mainly service development, and among holistic service experience, digital, product, program, and scenario, holistic service experience occupied the most as the service evidence. Regarding design contribution, many cases belonged to ‘Designing interactions, relations and interfaces’ and ‘Designing interactions to shape systems and organizations’. In the case of inner organization except the cases not mentioned, everything else was mentioned. Excluding the cases not mentioned, all the cases were conducting projects through cotextual research, and excluding the one case that did not mention methodology, all were utilizing at least one methodology, and service experience prototyping was used the most. After analyzing the annual progress patterns, I discovered that the service design commission and the responsible private business were continuously increasing, and this increase was more constant in the service actually released in the market, rather than concepts, texts, or prototype. Among case of service design continents, America has increased while Europe decreased. The field that the project belongs to is divided into 9 types in the Korean Standard Industrial Classification Table. In the outcome and its form, the outcome of holistic service experience showed more increase than other outcomes. To deduct the consequential 6 type tendencies, the first is that the private sector is leading the service design and the second is that the service designer or specialized institution is conducting through methodology. Thirdly, the service design is conducted based on contextual research, and fourthly, the outcomes are coupled with the stakeholders. Fifthly, the service experience prototyping is an important component when conducting service design, and sixthly, it is conducted within the range of ‘Designing interactions, relations and interfaces’ and ‘Designing interactions to shape systems and organizations’.
This study is conducted to establish the core principles in conducting service design projects. Its value is in that it found the tendency of the service design components through the Design Awards outcomes, and from this, the tendency was deducted. I hope that in future service design projects, this can make a strong foundation.