이해를 위한 문장 처리에서 통사 요인과 의미 요인 = Syntactic and Semantic Factors in the Sentence Processing for Comprehension

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Studies in sentence comprehension reveal that conflicting views currently exist about the part played by syntax. The autonomy model of syntax processing claims that the operation of syntactic processor is not guided or intervened by an assessment of the plausible semantic relations while the automaticity model views that the crucial properties of sentence to which listeners normally attend are semantic rather than syntactic.
The present experiments were carried out to examine the listener's on-line accessibility to the surface structure of sentences, and to find out any possible effects of semantic factors on syntactic processing. The method of click monitoring was adopted and the RT was measured throughout the Experiments I, Ⅱ, Ⅳ and V with the exception of Experiment Ⅲ in which subjects were asked about the semantic relations implied in the stimulus sentence.
The on-line measures of RT showed no difference of word-order effects either in the materials of both concrete and abstract sentences (Experiment I and Ⅱ) or between the reversible and nonreversible sentences (Experiment Ⅳ). To be surprisingly enough when compared with the English data, moreover, there was no difference in the syntactic computational difficulty between the subject relatives and the object relatives (Experiment Ⅲ).On the other hand, the sentence containing the left branching relatives (the right branching sentences) were consistently superior to the center-embedded relative sentences, the results being due to the left-to-right syntactic processing. In addition, the word meaning coherence made significantly reduce the monitoring RT in overall levels of syntactic complexity without interaction (Experiment V).
The shortened RT without interaction of semantic factor with syntactic structure supports the automaticity claims. However, the fact that difference between the right branching and self-embedded sentences occurred only when there is more than one relative (Experiment Ⅲ) enables one to favor the autonomy model in so far as no additional load is imposed upon the upper-limit of the short-term processing capacity. Accordingly, mental strategies for the Korean language comprehension were proposed, in which the syntactic processing undergoes the left-to right coding procedure and the semantic processing represents the bottom-up procedure.