Cu(I)-catalyzed Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction of azide and terminal alkynes, referred to as ‘click chemistry or click reaction’, is thought to be the most efficient method to readily create diverse compounds having various chemical pr...
Cu(I)-catalyzed Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction of azide and terminal alkynes, referred to as ‘click chemistry or click reaction’, is thought to be the most efficient method to readily create diverse compounds having various chemical properties due to benign reaction conditions. For several years, click reaction has been employed in many versatile research areas. This thesis contains three research results associated with click reaction.
Firstly, a novel radiolabeling method was developed using click reaction for a mild preparation of F-18 labeled biomolecules. Optimal reaction condition was achieved by varying solvent systems and Cu(I) catalyst. Thereby, various F-18 labeled small biomolecules were regioselectively synthesized in excellent radiochemical yields using click reaction of F-18 labeled prosthetic compounds and small biomoleculs.
Secondly, polymer supported CuI was studied as a recyclable polymeric catalyst. For this study, several polystyrene-based quaternary ammonium salts were prepared and used to immobilize CuI. A polymer catalyst containing 0.25 mmol/g of Cu exhibited good catalytic activity in various click reaction in the absence of any base, and was reused up to 10 cycles without any loss of activity and yield. In addition, the leaching level of Cu was determined by ICP and XRF analysis, resulting in very negligible leaching observed after 10 reuses.
Thirdly, quaternary ammonium polystyrene resins having azide or acetylene group were prepared for the fast purification after solution phase click reaction. These resins showed excellent swelling properties in polar solvent systems and were used to scavenge the excess azide or alkyne compound by solid phase click reaction. In addition, copper metal and the scavenger resins used were successfully removed by simple filtration with silica/Na₂SO₄ short column, giving excellent yield and purity without further purification.
Lastly, copper-free and solvent-free click reaction at ambient temperature was studied on the basis of an accidental finding. After optimization and understanding the reaction, various alkynes and azides were ligated in the combinatorial manner. As a result, only propiolate alkynes conjugated with electron-withdrawing carbonyl group were found to react with azide under such mild and benign conditions.