구미 낙동강의 경관변화가 조류 분포에 미치는 영향 = Effect to the birds for the landscape change at Nakdong River, Gumi

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This research has been surveyed to investigate the landscape importance for the conservation of the birds at the Nakdong River, Gumi from October 2006 to January 2011. And, it has been analyzed a using pattern of the sand bars in the river by the birds, the impacts of river reform project to the birds, effects of the land use change to the birds by the landscape changes. And also, to select the core areas for the conservation of the targets species, just like Hooded Crane, White-naped Crane, Whooper Swan, and White-fronted Goose at the survey area.
197,198 individuals, 123 species were confirmed during the survey at the Nakdong River, Gumi. The most dominant species was White-fronted Goose during the survey with 51.69%. It was 33 species in the December, 2010 before 4 river restoration project but it was decreased about 40% into 22 species in January, 2011 after starting the construction at Gumi. As the target species, White-fronted Goose, Whooper Swan, White-naped Crane, and Hooded Crane were selected. And among them, White-fronted Goose, which is a regular wintering species and using a
sandbar, was very decreased in its individual numbers, however, Whooper Swan showed a low impact on the wintering habitat. The landscape and land use changes after the 4 river restoration project were concentrated on the excavation of sandbars in the river, expanding of water surface, and decreasing of farming areas etc. By the landscape change, the roosting and feeding areas were very decreased and the numbers of individuals and species has been decreased to about 40% in 2011. It has been extracted three core areas for the conservation of the target species with a feeding area in the rice paddy field and two sand bar in the river. The favorite areas for the target birds by the GIS analysis showed within 200m from the watershed, 800m away from the road, 30m below in altitude for the roost and rest of the target species.
However, although the landscape change occurred a lots of impacts after 4 river restoration project, it needs more long time survey in the future for the real effects of the landscape change to the birds.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 서 론 1
• 조사지역 및 조사방법 6
• 1. 조사지역의 개황 6
• 1.1 조사지역의 개황 6
• 1.2 조사지역의 지리적 위치 및 경관적 특징 7
• 1.3 조사지역의 기후 8
• 1.4 조사지역의 식물상, 식생 10
• 1.5 조사지역의 동물상 11
• 2. 조사기간, 조사방법 및 분석방법 12
• 2.1 조사기간 및 조사방법 12
• 2.2 분석방법 16
• 결과 및 고찰 20
• 1. 조사지역의 전체 조류 현황 20
• 1.1 전체조류상 20
• 1.2 생태지수 35
• 1.3 요약 및 고찰 39
• 2. 조사지역에 월동하는 조류의 연도별, 조사구역별 분석 41
• 2.1 월동 조류의 연도별 변화 41
• 2.2 월동 조류의 군집분석 45
• 2.3 요약 및 고찰 48
• 3. 조사구역에 따른 종의 분포 51
• 3.1 기러기목 51
• 3.2 황새목, 두루미목 51
• 3.3 도요목 52
• 3.4 참새목 52
• 3.5 요약 및 고찰 57
• 4. 조사지역에 월동하는 주요종의 특성 59
• 4.1 쇠기러기 60
• 4.2 큰고니 61
• 4.3 두루미과(재두루미, 흑두루미) 62
• 4.4 요약 및 고찰 63
• 5. GIS 기반 주요종의 월동지 이용분석 65
• 5.1 연도별 주요종의 분포 65
• 5.2 낙동강과의 거리에 따른 분포분석 69
• 5.3 주변도로와의 거리에 따른 분포분석 71
• 5.4 고도에 따른 분포분석 74
• 5.5 주요종의 밀도분석 76
• 5.6 주요종의 토지이용 77
• 5.7 핵심지역 선정 82
• 5.8 요약 및 고찰 83
• 6. 4대강 살리기 공사로 인한 경관변화가 주요종에 미치는 영향 85
• 6.1 공사로 인한 토지이용의 변화 85
• 6.2 공사로 인한 주요종의 행동 및 분포 변화 89
• 6.3 공사로 인한 경관변화에 대한 주요종의 월동지 변화 92
• 6.4 요약 및 고찰 99
• 결론 101
• 참고문헌 103
• Appendix 111
• Abstract 136