동아시아 기관괴뢰의 구조분석을 통한 『봉사도』 윤거잡상의 재연 = Reproduction of Yungeo Japsang in Fengshitu by Analysis of Semi-Mechanical Puppets in East Asia

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Fengshitu (奉使圖) is an album of the paintings depicting the memorial experiences of Akedun (阿克敦: 1685~1756) as the Qing Chinese envoy who visited the Korean Joseon Dynasty for four times during the period from 1717 to 1725 in the journey. This study intends to reproduce Yungeo Japsang (輪車雜像 : a wheeled mountain stage with puppets), which are painted on the seven-leaf screen in the album. To do this, the paper looked into the puppet structures of the puppet excavated from the old burial mounds in the Han Dynasty in China,Dashi Karakuri in Japan, Mua Roi Nuoc in Vietnam and Kkokdu Kagsi Noli in Korea, which look alike in the internal puppet structure or the methods of operation, and applied them to Yungeo Japsang.
Different from string puppets or rod puppets, the puppets had certain equipments for puppet plays. The puppets with technical equipments were arbitrarily called as semi-mechanical puppets.
Yungeo Japsang was designed by classifying the motions into still and moving motions.
From the aspect that Yungeo Japsang was used for the parade, it might play a role as Jinamgeo (指南車), but it might be possible to be used for a puppet play from the puppeteers under the wheels. Accordingly, the wagon(Yungeo) was manufactured to deliver the force from the moving wheels and make the puppets move through gears at the time of operating and to control the puppets manually under the wagon by connecting the equipments inside of puppets with wires when it was not run. The actually reproduced Yungeo Japsang is a one-tenth scale miniature. From the composition of a play regarding the manufactured Yungeo Japsang, a young boy on the top and a monkey under the boy perform a play of puppets on a tightly strained string (走線戱) or acrobatic feats. Below them, a lady shows an elegant dance and a fisherman performs a clowning play. These prove that it is the composition with the high level of perfection even in the performance.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 전경욱, "한국의 전통연희" 학고재 2004

2 임동권, "통신사와 문화전파" 민속원 2004

3 허용호, "전통연행예술과 인형오브제" 민속원 2003

4 남문현, "장영실과 자격루-조선시대 시간 측정 역사 복원" 서울대학교 출판부 2002

5 김상혁, "예산대 동력전달장치 복원 연구와 설계. in: 봉사도의 예산대 복원연구 발간자료집"

6 박용태, "꼭두각시인형 만드는 법. in: 우리나라 인형" 공주민속극박물관 2006

7 서연호, "꼭두각시놀이" 열화당 1990

8 사진실, "공연문화의 전통" 태학사 2002

9 정은주, "阿克敦〈奉使圖〉硏究" 한국미술사학회 (246) : 201-245, 2005

10 名古屋市博物館編潗, "開館30周年記念特別展-大にぎわい城下町名古屋" 特別展實行委員會 2007

11 孫楷第, "近世戱曲唱演形式出自傀儡戱影戱考. in: 滄州潗" 中華書國 2009

12 光元次夫, "朝鮮通信使と日本の人形" 한국일본언어문화학회 (11) : 347-370, 2007

13 "朝鮮王朝實錄"

14 山崎久松, "曳山人形戱現狀と硏究" 東洋出版 1976

15 永田衡吉, "日本の人形芝居" 錦正社 1969

16 "奉仕圖 (影印本)" 遼寧民族出版社 1996

17 羅湜, "傀儡賦. in: 長吟亭遺稿"

18 朴承任, "傀儡棚. in: 嘯皐集"

19 孫楷第, "傀儡戱考原. in: 滄州潗" 中華書國 2009

20 角田一郞, "人形劇成立に関する研究" 旭屋書店 1963

21 高梨世馬, "カラクリ人形の文化誌" 學藝書林 1990

22 諏訪春雄, "アジアの人形芸" 勉誠出版 1999

23 千田靖子, "からくり人形の世界" 法政大學出版局 2005

24 May Lý Quang, "Vietnamese Traditional Water Puppetry" The Gioi Publisher 2006