HIV/AIDS in the Caribbean : issues and options

목차 (Table of Contents)

• CONTENTS
• ACKNOWLEDGMENTS = Ⅶ
• ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS = Ⅸ
• EXECUTIVE SUMMARY = XI
• Ⅰ INTRODUCTION = 1
• THE HIV／AIDS GLOBAL EPIDEMIC = 1
• What is HIV／AIDS and How Does it Spread? = 1
• HIV／AIDS : A Still-Emerging Epidemic = 2
• Impacts of the Disease = 3
• THE CHALLENGE OF RESPONDING TO HIV／AIDS = 5
• REPORT OBJECTIVES = 7
• Ⅱ THE SPREAD OF HIV／AIDS IN THE CARIBBEAN = 9
• THE CARIBBEAN : A HETEROGENEOUS REGION = 9
• HIV／AIDS EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PATTERNS AND TRENDS IN THE CARIBBEAN = 11
• Prevalence of HIV／AIDS in the Caribbean = 11
• Incidence of AIDS in the Caribbean = 13
• MODES OF HIV TRANSMISSION IN THE CARIBBEAN = 15
• Heterosexual Transmission of HIV = 15
• Men-Who-Have-Sex-with-Men Transmission of HIV = 16
• Injecting-Drug-Use Transmission of HIV = 17
• Mother-to-Child and Blood-Borne Transmission of HIV = 17
• POPULATIONS AT HIGH RISK OF HIV INFECTION IN THE CARIBBEAN = 17
• Commercial Sex Workers = 17
• Attendees of Clinics for Treating STDs = 18
• Pregnant Women = 18
• MORTALITY DUE TO AIDS IN THE CARIBBEAN = 18
• SOCIOECONOMIC IMPACTS OF AIDS IN THE CARIBBEAN = 20
• THE TASK AHEAD = 21
• Ⅲ INTENSIFYING ACTION AGAINST HIV／AIDS : KEY CHALLENGES FOR CARIBBEAN COUNTRIES = 23
• HOW HAVE CARIBBEAN COUNTRIES RESPONDED TO THE HIV／AIDS EPIDEMIC? = 23
• STOPPING THE SPREAD OF HIV／AIDS-WHAT WORKS? = 24
• PREVENTION OF HIV／AIDS IN CARIBBEAN COUNTRIES = 25
• Preventing the Sexual Transmission of HIV = 25
• Programs to prevent sexual transmission of HIV among children and young people = 26
• Programs to prevent sexual transmission of HIV among adults = 28
• Programs to prevent sexual transmission of HIV by treating STDs = 30
• Preventing Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV = 30
• Providing prophylactic drug therapy to HIV-positive mothers and their newborns = 30
• Modifying newborn feeding practices = 30
• Preventing Blood-Borne Transmission of HIV = 31
• DIAGNOSIS OF HIV／AIDS IN CARIBBEAN COUNTRIES = 31
• CARE AND TREATMENT OF PEOPLE WITH HIV／AIDS IN CARIBBEAN COUNTRIES = 32
• Providing Community-Based Care for People with HIV／AIDS = 32
• Treating Tuberculosis - The Leading HIV-Associated Opportunistic Disease = 32
• Providing Antiretroviral Drug Therapy for People with HIV／AIDS = 34
• PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN AIDS VACCINE = 35
• INTENSIFYING NATIONAL RESPONSES TO HIV／AIDS IN THE CARIBBEAN : FIVE KEY STEPS = 35
• Step 1 : Increase the National Government's Commitment, Attention, and Funding Related to HIV／AIDS = 36
• Step 2 : Scale Up HIV／AIDS Prevention Activities = 37
• Step 3 : Scale Up HIV／AIDS Care Activities = 37
• Step 4 : Support More Research on HIV／AIDS = 37
• Step 5 : Strengthen the Regional Response to HIV／AIDS in the Caribbean = 37
• Ⅳ REGIONAL RESPONSES TO HIV／AIDS IN THE CARIBBEAN = 39
• RATIONALE FOR A REGIONAL RESPONSE TO HIV／AIDS IN THE CARIBBEAN = 39
• INTERNATIONAL DONORS' ACTIVITES RELATED TO HIV／AIDS IN THE CARIBBEAN = 40
• UNAIDS and Its Co-Sponsors' Activities = 40
• European Union and Canada = 40
• U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) Activities = 41
• CARIBBEAN REGIONAL ORGANIZATIONS' HIV／AIDS-RELATED INITIATIVES = 43
• CARICOM Initiatives = 43
• CAREC Initiatives = 44
• CRN＋Initiatives = 44
• THE CARIBBEAN REGIONAL STRATEGIC PLAN OF ACTION FOR HIV／AIDS, 1999-2004 A REGIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR COLLABORATION = 44
• Ⅴ THE WORLD BANK'S ROLE = 47
• WHAT HAS BEEN DONE BY THE WORLD BANK? = 47
• WHAT COULD BE DONE BY THE WORLD BANG IN THE CARIBBEAN? = 49
• World Bank Participation in UNAIDS and the Local U.N. Theme Groups on HIV／AIDS = 49
• World Bank Sector Loans and Project Support for HIV／AIDS-Related Activities in the Caribbean = 50
• OPERATIONALIZING AN HIV／AIDS PREVENTION AND CONTROL STRATEGY IN THE CARIBBEAN = 50
• Structuring a Regional HIV／AIDS Program as an APL = 51
• Coordination with the International Finance Corporation to promote private sector involvement = 54
• Promoting civil society participation = 54
• COST SIMULATIONS FOR HIV／AIDS PROGRAMS IN THE CARIBBEAN : MAIN ASSUMPTIONS AND RESULTS = 56
• Model Structure and Main Assumptions = 56
• Main Results = 58
• Policy Implications = 59
• Conclusion = 59
• ANNEX 1 CARIBBEAN CONFERENCE ON HIV／AIDS BARBADOS, 11 AND 12 SEPTEMBER 2000, SUMMARY STATEMENT = 61
• REFERENCES = 65
• Map IBRD 30619