기본적 욕구 충족 이후의 행복: 사회적 욕구의 중요성 = Happiness after Basic Needs are Fulfilled:Social Needs become Salient

국문 초록 (Abstract)

기존 연구들은 의식주와 같은 기본적 욕구들을 충족시킬 수 있게 되면 돈은 더 이상 행복을 증가시키는 데 크게 기여하지 않는다는 것을 보여주었다. 본 연구는 생존을 위한 기본적 욕구들을 충족시키기에 충분한 경제 수준에 이르게 된 이후에 사회적 욕구가 행복을 예측하는 강력한 요인으로 나타날 것이라고 가정하였다. 연구 1은 지각된 사회적 지지와 행복의 상관이 경제 수준이 낮은 개인보다 높은 개인에게서 더욱 강하게 나타난다는 것을 보여줌으로써 이를 지지한다. 연구 2에서는 외적 타당도를 높이기 위해 대학교 구내식당에서 가설을 검증하였다. 예상했던 대로 사회적 관계의 질에 대한 조작은 참가자들이 식사를 하기 전보다 식사를 한 후 기본적 욕구가 충족되었을 때 행복에 더 뚜렷한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 두 연구로부터의 결과는 충분한 경제 수준(연구 1) 또는 식사 후(연구 2)와 같이 기본적 욕구가 충족되었을 때 행복에 사회적 욕구의 중요성이 증가한다는 것을 시사한다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

After basic needs (e.g., food) are fulfilled, money no longer plays a notable role in increasing happiness. We hypothesized that, after the basic needs are satiated, social needs will emerge as a more potent predictor of happiness. In support of this idea, perceptions of social support and happiness correlated more strongly among individuals with high than low income (Study 1). In Study 2, this idea was tested at a University cafeteria setting to increase the external validity of this phenomenon. As expected, manipulating one’s social relationship quality had a more visible impact on happiness after rather than before one’s meal. Findings from these two studies collectively suggest that after basic needs are fulfilled (sufficient income, Study 1; after a meal, Study 2), the importance of social needs in happiness increases.

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