Temperature-dependent development of overwintering Sericinus montela Gray (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) pupae and its validation

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The developmental time and survival of overwintering Sericinus montela Gray pupae were studied at four constanttemperatures (15.0, 20.0, 25.0, and 30.0 °C), 40 ± 10% relative humidity, and 10:14 h light:dark cycle.
The developmental time of both sexes decreased with increasing temperature between 15.0 °C (70.18 days forfemales and 55.28 days for males) and 30.0 °C (19.60 days for females and 13.78 days for males). The developmentperiods of femaleswere longer than those ofmales at each constant temperature. The relationship betweenthe developmental rate and temperature was fitted by a linear model and a nonlinear developmental rate model(Lactin 1). The mortality of overwintered S. montela pupae was lowest at 25.0 °C (16.7%) and highest at 15.0 °C(36.7%). The lower developmental thresholds were 12.38 and 12.16 °C for females and males, respectively. Thedistribution of development completion for females and maleswas described by the two-parameterWeibull distributionequation (r2=0.87 for females and r2=0.94 for males). The date for the cumulative 50% adult emergencewas within one or two days of that predicted using the Lactin 1 model. The temperature-dependentdevelopmental model for S. montela could be applied to predict the timing of spring emergence in differentgeographical locations and will be helpful in developing a full-cycle phenology model for S. montela.

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