Designing the new city : a systemic approach

목차 (Table of Contents)

• CONTENTS
• PartⅠ Background
• 1 Introduction to the Problem = 3
• 1.1 What Is a City? = 3
• 1.2 How Did Cities Originate? = 5
• 1.3 What Are the Functions of a City? = 8
• 1.4 What Are the Mechanisms of Urban Growth? = 10
• 1.5 Growth of a Center of Industrialization : Detroit = 14
• 1.6 Statistics on Six Medium-Size U. S. Cities = 23
• 1.7 Present Social Trends of American Cities = 28
• 1.8 Why Is the American City in Trouble? = 33
• 2 System Analysis Methodology = 38
• 2.1 What Is a System? = 38
• 2.2 The System Analysis Method : Six Major Phases = 41
• 2.3 Seven Steps in Goal Development = 45
• 2.4 Graphics in System Analysis = 49
• 2.5 The Objectives Tree = 51
• 2.6 The Interaction Martix = 59
• 2.7 The DELTA Chart = 61
• 2.8 The Gantt Chart = 65
• 2.9 Analytic Tools in System Analysis = 67
• 2.10 Other Urban Planning Methodologies = 69
• 2.11 Three Urban Planning Styles = 74
• 3 Managing a System Team = 79
• 3.1 Introduction : Special Difficulties = 79
• 3.2 Group Communication = 82
• 3.3 Hamilton's Experience = 83
• 3.4 Project versus Function Organization = 84
• 3.5 The Final Report = 85
• 3.6 Civil Systems and Military Systems = 87
• 3.7 System Team Management : Four Examples = 89
• 3.8 The Urban-System Problem Environment : the California Aerospace Contracts Case = 89
• 3.9 Goal-Centered Planning : The Mars-Earth Television Link Case = 91
• 3.10 Internalizing the Client's Problem : The Board of Education Case = 98
• 3.11 Generalizing the Problem : The Woodward Avenue Subway Case = 100
• 3.12 The System Analyst's Decalogue = 106
• PartⅡ Steps in a System Analysis
• 4 Goals for American Society = 111
• 4.1 The Status Quo = 111
• 4.2 The Future of the American City = 112
• 4.3 The American City of the Future = 117
• 4.4 A Value System of American Society = 121
• 4.5 Citizen Participation in Goal Development = 124
• 5 Criteria for Selecting from Among the Alternatives for Urban Revitalization = 130
• 5.1 Introduction = 130
• 5.2 Nine Sample Criteria = 132
• 5.3 Cost = 132
• 5.4 Location = 136
• 5.5 Human Needs Criteria = 139
• 6 Eight Scenarios for Urban Revitalization = 142
• 6.1 The Eightfold Way = 142
• 6.2 Eliminate the Problem = 144
• 6.3 The Transcendental Solution = 146
• 6.4 Benign Neglect = 147
• 6.5 Microrevitalization = 148
• 6.6 The Housing and Urban Development Act of 1970 = 150
• 6.7 Growth Centers = 154
• 6.8 New-Towns-in-Town = 156
• 6.9 Satellite Community = 157
• 6.10 Freestanding New City = 158
• 6.11 Summary = 159
• PartⅢ The New City
• 7 Optimum Size of a Freestanding New City = 165
• 7.1 Is the Question Meaningful? = 166
• 7.2 Natural City Size : Historical and Societal Aspects = 167
• 7.3 Natural Size : Current British Experience = 169
• 7.4 Pragmatic Population Ranges under Various Criteria = 170
• 7.5 Size Distribution Theories for Cities of a Region = 175
• 7.6 Theories of Optimum Urban Size : Axiological Basis = 177
• 7.7 Optimum Size : Economic Considerations = 178
• 7.8 The Petaluma Decision and Rational Planning = 184
• 7.9 Conclusion = 186
• 8 Urban Form = 189
• 8.1 Introduction = 189
• 8.2 Definition of the Term = 191
• 8.3 Urban Densities = 192
• 8.4 Geometric Arrangement = 197
• 8.5 Urban Grain = 206
• 8.6 Accessibility = 209
• 8.7 Form of the New City = 211
• 9 Site Location = 217
• 9.1 Introduction = 217
• 9.2 Industrial Site Location = 218
• 9.3 Nonindustrial Job Site Location = 220
• 9.4 National Growth Policy : Present Status = 222
• 9.5 National Growth Policy : Normative = 224
• 9.6 Why Appalachia for Project Toroid? = 226
• 9.7 General Considerations in a Site Selection Process = 227
• 9.8 A Three-Step Site Selection Process = 228
• 9.9 An Appalachia Site Selection for Toroid = 235
• 9.10 Third Iteration and Final Triad = 241
• 10 A Transition Scenario for Project Toroid = 245
• 10.1 Definition of the Term = 245
• 10.2 PhaseⅠ : Preplanning = 247
• 10.3 PhaseⅡ : General Project Planning = 248
• 10.4 PhaseⅢ : Site Preparation = 254
• 10.5 PhaseⅣ : Construction and Occupation = 255
• 10.6 Detailed DELTA Charts : an Example = 256
• 10.7 Toroid's First Export Industry : A Crucial Milepost = 260
• 10.8 Energy and Toroid = 262
• 10.9 Transportation in Toroid = 264
• 10.10 Toroid : The First Year = 272
• 10.11 Conclusion = 279
• Index = 283