Deconstruction and valorisation of a mixture of personal protective equipment using hydrothermal processing

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study used non-catalytic hydrothermal deconstruction to examine the deconstruction of a mixtureof numerous PPE items, including isolation gowns, gloves, goggles, face shields, surgical masks, andfiltering-facepiece respirators. A mixture of PPE items was subjected to hydrothermal deconstructionat temperatures varying between 250 C and 350 C and reaction times of 90 min and 180 min, respectively.
A reduction of up to 95 % was attained in the total suspended solids (TSS). The total chemical oxygendemand (tCOD) and soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD) decreased dramatically to 703 mg/Land 480 mg/L, respectively. Volatile fatty acids, mainly acetic acid and ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) werethe primary end products with a concentration of up to 15,625 mg/L and 38 mg/L after 180 min of deconstruction,respectively. Carbon dioxide and oxygen were found to be the primary gaseous product, with aconcentration of up to 14 % (w/w) for CO2 and 76 % (w/w) for O2. Further experiments were conducted at300 C and 350 C to reuse process water for five cycles to demonstrate the feasibility of process waterrecycling. The results propose that non-catalytic hydrothermal deconstruction may potentially reducePPE waste by minimising solid waste and water usage.

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