Service life and stability of electrodes applied in electrochemical advanced oxidation processes: A comprehensive review

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In recent years, novel advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) based on electrochemical technology knownas electrochemical advanced oxidation processes (EAOPs) have been applied to the degradation of a widerange of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). EAOPs produce in situ hydroxyl radicals ( OH) capable ofdegrading POPs and their mineralization by producing stable electrode materials (e.g., boron-dopeddiamond (BDD), doped-SnO2, PbO2, and substoichiometric- and doped-TiO2). Moreover, ozone andsulfate radicals could be produced, based on electrolyte type, which cause the degradation of POPs.
Although EAOPs are promising novel technologies, various parameters related to the types of electrodesin the POPs oxidation have not been fully addressed. In order to provide a full and comprehensive pictureof the current state of the art, and improve the treatment efficiency and motivate new researches in theseareas, this study analyzed the research covering EAOPs aspects, with a focus on the comparison ofstability, lifetime and service life of electrodes. Electro-chemical stability and longer life are the majorconcerns in the EAOPs. Since electrodes must be highly efficient for long periods of time, thedetermination of their lifetime is essential. On the other hand, in real-life situations, lifetimedetermination is difficult. The oxidation ability and durability of electrodes during the reactionsdepended on the structural properties of them. Electrodes composed of intermediate compounds had ahigher lifetime than binary oxides. Another factor affecting the stability of the electrodes was thestructure of the expanded mesh style anodes to better control the bubble growth through a polygonizedstructure. Anodes with irregular shapes at the surface were more likely to discharge the bubbles andreduce the negative effects of the high pressure on the surface of the electrode. The electrodes havinghigh oxidation strength and stability, had a shorter service life value. Furthermore, the calcinationtemperature and the amount of applied current directly affected the lifetime of the electrodes. On theother hand, the electrical resistance of the synthesized electrode was effective in the lifetime. Coating ofelectrodes with noble metals such as tantalum, titanium, niobium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium,molybdate and tungsten improved the electrode stability.

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