Development of Community Care for Elderly People in the UK : - Focused on Policy Development from 1950s to 1990s -

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study are 1) to identify factors influencing the policy development of community care for elderly people in the UK, 2) to analyze what and how the interaction among the factors, and 3) to implicate of the UK experience for the policy development of community care in Korea. The study focuses on policy changes in community care from 1950s to 1990s, seen in a series of the UK government reports. Historical approaches take advantage of gaining a deeper and broader understanding of the policy development issues on community care than a epoch. However, there are many difficulties of historical studies, such as practical considerations concerning about obtaining and reliability of data. Community care policies have a number of different and common features which had mainly focused on demographic & economic issues in the 1950s, the economic-political and service delivery issues in the 1960s/1970s, and cost-effective and service management issues in the 1980s/1990s. As far as concerned, how to solve out issues oriented from the interaction among those factors mentioned above, it is analysised that the philosophical basis of community care policy, neo-liberalism, had taken a role of solving the issues out in the UK. Neo-liberalism has highly valued the individual`s freedom of decision-making and individual responsibility. Consequently, in the course of debates on community care policy the trend has been to pose the merit of the market and a need to reduce the state role. In Korea fundamental to community care is the fact that it has been taking place during the process of speedy transformation of economic and social change since the 1980s. Policy makers have emphasized the residual approach as a basic policy development of community care. Residual approach tends to be associated with neo-liberal philosophy of minimal state intervention. That is why we can possibly say that Korean community care policy based on neoliberalism is in the same direction as that in the UK although Korea has pursued toward the policy from a very different starting point and levels of the case in the UK Allowing for the context it can be argued that community care developed in the UK could be partly adapted for the policy development of community care in Korea.