루소의 敎育思想이 現代體育에 주는 意味 = The Influences of Rousseau's Educational Thought on Modern Physical Education

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of study was to review the influences of Rousseau's educational thought on the current physical education. For the purpose of this study, a through literature search based on identified in an extensive review of Emile and related literature was performed. Objectives, contexts, and methods of physical education, ideal teacher, and ideal student are reviewed within the related literature.
According to Rousseau's thoughts, objectives of physical education are to develop the various organic systems of the body through physical activity in the environment so students will respond in a healthful way to the increased demands placed on them.
The contexts of physical education for child contain recreation and outdoor activities that can provide them play opportunities to benefit them physically(physical fit), psychologically(hardship), and socially(faire, friendship, cooperation). The contexts of physical education for youths contain physical activity, work, and game that can provide opportunities to develop physical fitness.
His teaching method was 'everything according to nature'. The laws of nature dictate to the teacher and to the student the logical pattern of growth and development(five stages). Rousseau was a strong believer in discipline. He felt that in order to create good children, discipline is a must. Rousseau also suggested that teachers let kids think that they are in control, and develop where the child naturally chooses to do well.
Rousseau suggested that a teacher must have many different learning experiences. He also stressed that a teacher should have the abilities of understanding the law of nature and kid's growth and development. Most irnportantly, a teacher, by setting a good example can and will greatly influence a student's behavior and overall performance.
Rousseau also felt that each student has the right to pursue freedom and happiness. It falls largely onto the teacher to find the way to help the student reach his or her potential for intelligence. Rousseau also mentioned that students should learn from experience and that students are exceptional imitators.
The purpose of physical education, according to Rousseau was to develop all the child's abilities freely, as nature intended. In Rousseau's view, nature was the primary teacher and the job of the "tutor" was to be a guiding force. In Rousseau's naturalism, exploration of one's capabilities and interest leads directly to greater skills and adjustments to nature. Rousseau regarded physical activity as important, it was body, mind, and knowledge. Through physical activities, the individual develops in an all-around way.