종교성과 타종교에 대한 관용도

국문 초록 (Abstract)

이 연구의 목적은 종교적 관용도와 관련하여 서구 문화에서 정립된 이론 및 경험적 모델의 일반화 가능성을 우리 문화 상황에서 경험적으로 점검하는 것이다. 서구 문화에 기초하여 도출된 가설은 다음과 같다: (i) 본질적 종교성(I)과 비본질적 종교성(E)은 상호 독립ㆍ대립적인 개념이며, (ⅱ) I & E는 종교적 관용도에 상반된 영향을 미친다. 즉, I는 종교적 관용도에 긍정적, E는 부정적 영향을 미칠 것으로 기대된다. (ⅲ) I 또는 종교적 몰입도와 종교적 관용도간 관계는 곡선적 관계(U 커브)를 가질 것이다. 그리고, (ⅳ) 가족내 종교 결정성(일치도)은 종교 관용도에 영향을 미칠 것으로 기대된다.
이 연구에서 우리나라 중부 지역의 한 대학에서 학생들을 대상으로 수집한 자료(1,261사례)를 분석한 결과 대부분의 가설들이 우리 문화 상황에서 다르게 나타나는 것을 확인하였다. 즉, 우리 문화에서 I와 E는 상호 대립적 개념이 아니라 보완적 개념일 수도 있다는 것이 확인되었다. 그리고, I는 종교적 관용도에 긍정적이 아니라 오히려 부정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 이러한 관계는 신봉 종교별로 뚜렷한 차이를 보였는데, 개신교 학생 집단에서는 부정적 관계를, 타종교 학생 집단에서는 무(無)관계를 보여주었다. 이것은 개신교 학생들이 종교적 이념과 신앙 관례, 그리고 집단 문화에 의해 신앙 정체감이 강화되고 있기 때문인 것으로 추론된다. I 종교성 및 종교몰입도와 종교적 관용도간 관계는 유의미한 곡선적 관계(U 커브)를 보이기는 하였지만, 그 관계의 방향은 서구 문화에서와는 정반대의 결과(∩ 커브)를 보여주었다. 마지막으로 가족내 종교 결정성이 타종교 관용도에 미치는 영향은 다소 있는 것으로 확인되었다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study is to empirically test a possibility of generalization of the theoretical model derived from Western culture to Korean cultural system. The hypotheses from Western culture are as follows: (i) Intrinsic religiosity and extrinsic religiosity are independent and contrary concepts. (ii) With respect to religious tolerance, intrinsic and extrinsic religiosity would have opposite effects. That is, intrinsic religiosity is expected to be positive and extrinsic religiosity negative to religious tolerance. (iii) Intrinsic and religious commitment are hypothesized to have curvilinear relationship to religious tolerance. (iv) Finally, it is expected that family crystallization of religiousness would affect religious tolerance.
To test the hypotheses, a raw data collected from college students of 1,261 was analyzed. The results show very different cultural specificity. It is found that intrinsic and extrinsic in our culture might be complementary, not contradictory. And intrinsic religiosity has a negative effect on the religious tolerance, contrary to the expectation. The relationships are group-specific: among Protestant subjects, the higher they are intrinsic, the more intolerant they are to other religions, but among Buddhists, Catholics, & Wonbuddhists the significant relationships disappear and the direction of relationship is reversed. It is inferred that intolerance to Protestant subjects is regarded as a religious identity rather than exclusivism to out-group with a negative implication. Concerning the hypothesized curvilinear relationship between intrinsic religiosity and religious commitment and religious tolerance, it is shown that the relationship is statistically significant, but its direction is reversed. A “U” curve is expected in the Western culture, but our empirical data shows the significant “∩” curve. And the effects of crystallization of religiousness in family is supported partly.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 문제제기와 연구목적
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경
• Ⅲ. 조사 방법
• Ⅳ. 조사 결과의 분석
• V. 요약 및 결론
• 참고 문헌
• ENGLISH ABSTRACTS

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