시간-기반적 직장-가정 갈등경험에 미치는 성역할 고정관념의 영향 = Moderating Effects of Gender-Role Stereotype on the Percetion of Time-Based Work-Family Conflict

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구의 목적은 첫째, 직장인이 가사노동에 투입하는 시간량을 감소시키게 되는 요인들을 탐색하고, 둘째, 시간-기반 갈등측면에 초점을 두고서, 직장-가정에서의 경험이나 직장의 가정침해(WIF) 및 가정의 직장침해(FIW) 지각 정도에서 성차이가 존재하는지 여부를 규명하고, 셋째, 직장-가정 갈등지각에 있어서 성역할 고정관념의 중요성을 제안한 Gutek, Searle, 및 Klepa(1991)의 이론적 틀을 검증해보는 것이다. 연구가설들은 전국적 규모로 진행된 미국의 조사자료에 응답한 맞벌이 직장인 1,298명의 자료를 바탕으로 분석하였다. 그 결과 남성이 여성보다 출퇴근에 더 많은 시간을 투입하고, 성역할 고정관념이 강한 여성이 약한 여성보다는 더 많은 시간을 가사노동에 투입하고, 성역할 고정관념이 강한 남성이 그 반대보다 직장노동에 더 많은 시간을 투입하였으며, 남성과 여성 모두 일에 투입하는 시간과 가정에 투입하는 시간은 반비례하였다. 가정활동시간량을 예측하는 데 있어서 성별과 가정총소득 기여율 간의 이원상호작용이 존재하였는데, 가정총소득 기여율이 높은 여성은 기여율이 낮은 여성보다 상대적으로 더 적은 시간을 가사노동에 투입하는 반면, 남성의 경우는 가정총소득 기여율과 가사노동 투입시간 간에 유의미한 관련성이 없었다. 직장의 가정침해 지각정도를 예측하는 데 있어서 성별, 직장활동시간, 및 성역할 고정관념 간의 삼원상호작용이 존재하였다. 본 연구의 기여점과 제한점에 대해 논의하고, 추후 연구방향 등을 제시하였다.

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