Introducing criminology

목차 (Table of Contents)

• CONTENTS
• Preface = ⅷ
• Introduction = 1
• 1 Crime, the criminal and criminology = 6
• What is crime? Who is the criminal? = 6
• The legalistic position = 6
• Conduct norms and their violation = 7
• Extending the concept of crime = 8
• The legalistic position restated = 9
• Crime as the violation of human rights = 10
• Crime as a social construction = 11
• What is criminology? = 12
• A multi-disciplinary discipline? = 15
• Criminology through the ages? Lombroso and all that = 16
• The classical school = 17
• The moral statisticians = 20
• The Italian positive school = 21
• The British context = 23
• Conclusion = 24
• 2 Offenders and non-offenders : spot the difference? = 26
• Biological approaches = 27
• Physical characteristics and crime = 27
• Twin studies = 28
• Studies of adoptees = 28
• The new biology of crime = 29
• Psychological approaches = 31
• Psychoanalytic approaches = 33
• Learning theories = 35
• Cognitive approaches = 41
• The revival of approaches locating the sources of crime in the individual = 50
• Conclusion = 54
• 3 A broader vision of crime = 56
• Environmental criminology = 56
• Sutherland, differential association and white-collar crime = 60
• Merton, anomie and strain = 61
• Subcultures, gangs and delinquency = 64
• Control theory = 67
• Interactionism, labelling and moral panics = 69
• Radical criminologies = 73
• Feminist perspectives = 76
• Left realism = 79
• Postmodernity, postmodernism and the modernist project = 83
• Conclusion = 85
• 4 Thinking seriously about serial killers = 87
• Murder most horrid : defining serial murder = 88
• How many serial murders, murderers and victims? = 91
• A growing menace? = 93
• Types of serial murderer = 94
• Understanding serial murder = 99
• Biology : natural born killers? = 100
• Psychology : inside the mind of the serial killer? = 102
• Sociology : outside the mind of the serial killer? = 107
• Post-mortem = 114
• 5 Policing and the police : key issues in criminal justice = 116
• Introduction = 116
• Definitions and delivery = 119
• Enforcement, prevention and detection : the police role examined = 121
• Discretion and discrimination = 130
• Discretion = 130
• Discrimination = 134
• Due process and deviancy = 139
• Due process = 140
• Crime control = 141
• Conclusions = 145
• 6 CCTV and crime prevention : questions for criminology = 146
• Crime prevention = 146
• The rise of CCTV = 149
• Does CCTV reduce crime? Methodological concerns = 151
• What is meant by CCTV? = 152
• What is meant by crime and how can it be measured? = 153
• The concept of reduction and its measurement = 156
• Experimental design = 161
• Does CCTV reduce crime in town centres?
• The evaluation evidence = 165
• Realistic evaluation = 169
• Context = 170
• Mechanisms = 170
• Outcomes = 171
• CCTV, discrimination and social exclusion = 172
• 7 Criminology : some concluding thoughts = 176
• Bibliography = 180
• Index = 198