The Future of the metropolis : Berlin, London, Paris, New York : economic aspects

목차 (Table of Contents)

• CONTENTS
• Introduction = 1
• Part Ⅰ. The Historical Perspective
• 1. Historical Dimensions of the Modern Metropolitan Problem / Anthony Sutcliffe = 13
• 2. The New York Metropolis in Transformation: History and Prospect. A Study in Historical Particularity / Eric E. Lampard = 27
• 2.1. Introduction = 27
• 2.2. The Contribution of Nieuw Amsterdam, 1609-1664: Survival = 29
• 2.3. New York City in the British Empire: Provincial Metropolis and Entrepbt = 33
• 2.4. Ascendant Metropolis, 1790-t836. New York: Hinge of Union = 40
• 2.5. The Empire City: Growing Up (and Down) With the Country 1837-1897 = 53
• 2.6. Greater New York City, 1898-1948: Hanging In = 65
• 2.7. New York, 1948-1977: While the City Slept = 72
• 2.8. New York-Manhatten, 1977-1984: City of Hype and Hope = 81
• 2.9. Postscript = 94
• 3. Long-Term Trends and Problems of Metropolitan Paris / Marcel Roncayolo = 111
• 4. Railroads, Manufacturing and Services as Decisive Factors in Shaping the Metropolis, Berlin 1850-1920 / Ingrid Thienet-Saage = 117
• 4.1. Introduction = 117
• 4.2. The Development of the Railroad Network = 117
• 4.3. The Location of Technologically Advanced Sectors of Manufacturing = 124
• 4.4. The Role of High Level Services = 13O
• 4.5. Conclusions = 133
• 5. National Capitals, World Cities and the New Division of Labour / Peter Hall = 135
• Part Ⅱ. Changes in the Spatial Structure of Economic Activity During the Last Decades and the Metropolis: Facts and Explanatory Theories
• Chapter 1. General Trends = 149
• 6. The Development of the European Urban System, 1971-1981 / Paul Cheshire ; Dennis Hay = 149
• 6.1. Introduction: Stages of Urban Development = 149
• 6.2. Developments in the EEC Since 1975 = 151
• 6.3. Berlin in the Context of Urban Change = 154
• 6.4. Urban Development: Problem Versus Non-Problem = 157
• 6.5. Case Study Comparisons: Cultural Capital Cities Compared to Industrial Agglomerations = 162
• 6.6. Conclusions 166 It.5. Conclusion = 294
• 7. The Changing Spatial Structure of Economic Activity and Metropolitan Decline in the United Kingdom / David Keeble = 171
• 7.1. Introduction = 171
• 7.2. Metropqlitan Industrial Decline = 172
• 7.3. The Urbaii-Rural Population Shift = 179
• 7.4. Theories of the Urban-Rural Manufacturing Shift = 182
• 7.5. New Firms and High Technology Industry = 187
• 8. Berlin and the Spatial Division of Labour within the Federal Republic of Germany / Franz-Josef Bade = 201
• 8.1. Introduction = 201
• 8.2. Long-Term Trends in Structural Changes = 203
• 8.3 Regional Differences in the Functional Economic Structure = 207
• 8.4. The Role of Berlin = 213
• 9. Economic Transformation, Minorities, and Urban Demographic-Employment Mismatch in the U.S. and West Germany /John D. Kasarda ; Jiirgen Friedrichs = 221
• 9.1. Introduction = 221
• 9.2. The Problem: Immigrant Workers, Jobs, and Public Policy = 222
• 9.3. Urban Transformation, Unemployment, and Welfare = 225
• 9.4. Mismatch: Theoretical and Policy Issues = 242
• Chapter 2. Economic Development in Selected Metropolitan Areas = 251
• 10. Restructuring and Locational Change in London's Electronics Industries / Roger Leigh ; David North ; Lynn Steinberg = 251
• 10.1. Introduction: London's Deindustrialisation 251
• 10.2. The Electronics Sector : Scope and Definitions = 253
• 10.3. The Origins and Structure of the Electronics Industries in london = 255
• 10.4. Emplopyment Decline and Occupational Change 1971-1983 = 259
• 10.5. The Processes of Adjustment in the London Electronics Industries = 266
• 10.6. Some Policy Considerations = 279
• 11. Does Paris Subsidize the Rest of France / R$$\acute e$$my Prud'homme = 285
• 11.1. Introduction = 285
• 11.2. Budget Induced Transfers = 287
• 11.3. Social Security Induced Transfers = 290
• 11.4. Public Prices Induced Transfers = 292
• 11.5. Conclusion = 294
• 12. Decline of Industrial Employment in Berlin-Causes and Consequences / Hans-J$$\ddot u$$rgen Ewers ; Rolf Stein = 297
• 12.1. The Problem = 297
• 12.2. General Development Trends of the Manufacturing Sector and Their Impact on Berlin = 297
• 12.3. Spatial Development Trends and Their Impact on Berlin = 297
• 12.4. Future Structureal Change in Berlin = 303
• 12.5. Perspectives of Future Industrial Policy in Berlin = 297
• Part Ⅲ. Economic Policy and the Metropolis
• Chapter 1. Policies for Urban Economic Development in Advances Industrial Countries = 313
• 13. Overview : National Government Responses to Structural Changes in Urban Economies / Joanne Fox Przeworski = 313
• 13.1. Introduction = 313
• 13.2. Rationale for Urban Economic Development and National Government Policies = 314
• 13.3. Nature of National Government Responses = 316
• 13.4. Conclusions = 325
• 14. Policies to Stimulate Urban Economic Activity in the United States -The Case od Detroit / Harold Wolman = 327
• 14.1. Introduction = 327
• 14.2. Economic Decline in Detroit = 327
• 14.3. National Policies = 330
• 14.4. State and Local Policies = 332
• 14.5. Conclusion = 333
• 15. The Growth of the Paris Region, Town Planning and the National Policy of Locational Control (1920-1984) / Pierre Merlin = 337
• 15.1. Introduction = 337
• 15.2. The Origins of the Policy to Restrict the Growth of Paris = 337
• 15.3. The Policy of Decentralization and the P.A.D.O.G. = 338
• 15.4. The Response of the Paris Region = 342
• 15.5. Administrative Decentralization and Centres of Industrial Conversion = 346
• 16. Economic Development Policy in London / William Lever = 349
• 16.1. Introduction = 349
• 16.2. The Changing Structure of London's Economy = 350
• 16.3. Economic Policy in London = 354
• 16.4. The Ne-Keynesian Approach = 355
• 16.5. The Ur ban Programme, 1978 = 355
• 16.6. Premises and Property = 361
• 16.7. Urban Development Grant = 362
• 16.8. A Case Study of Local Authority Assistance: Southwark = 363
• 16.9. Market-Based Approaches = 364
• 16.10. The Socialist Approach = 366
• 16.11. Conclusions: The Future = 367
• 17. Policies for Urban Economic Development in the Federal Republic of Germany / Manfred Konukiewitz = 371
• 17.1. Looking Back: Policies for Urban Growth = 371
• 17.2. Responses to Urban Economic Decline = 372
• 17.3. Regional Impacts of Sectoral Policies = 375
• 17.4. The Role of the Ldnder = 379
• 18. Evaluation of Recent Policy Innovations in Berlin (West) / Manfred Kem = 381
• 18.1. Introduction = 381
• 18.2. The New Structural Policy of the Berlin Senate = 382
• 18.3. Main Features of the Berlin Promotion Law = 382
• 18.4. Preliminary Evaluation of the Amended Berlin Promotion Law = 384
• 18.5. The Berlin Innovation Policy = 384
• 18.6. Preliminary Evaluation of the Berlin Innovation Policy = 386
• Chapter 2. Economic Tranformation and Political Change in Metropolitan Areas
• 19. The Advanced Industial Metropolis : A New Type of World City / Richard V.Knight = 391
• 19.1. Introduction = 391
• 19.2. The Role of Cities in Advanced Industrial Societies = 395
• 19.3. Knowledge Resources and Economic Decelopment = 413
• 19.4. Industrial Regions and the Global Challenge = 421
• 19.5. City Development in the Context of the Global Economy = 428
• 19.6. Conclusion = 434
• 20. Big City Politics-New Patterns and Orientations at the Local Level of the Welfare State / Adalbert Evers ; Hellmut Wollmann = 437
• 20.1. Introductory Remarks = 437
• 20.2. Challenges for Redegining the Welfare State and Repercussions on Local Governmenr = 438
• 20.3. Mapping the yet Uncertain Future of a "New Municipal Interventionism" = 455
• Chapter 3. Development Options and Constraints ofr the Economic Future of Berlin(West) = 463
• 21. Metropolitan Development to and Beyond 2000-Some Hypotheses applied to the City of Berlin / Rainer Mackenses = 463
• 21.1. Metropolitan Decline = 463
• 21.2. The Abel-Studyt = 464
• 21.3. Ranges of Prospect = 464
• 21.4. Hypotheses of Long Range Urban Change = 465
• 21.5. Perspective for the City of Berlin = 466
• 22. Alternative Development Paths for the Economy of Berlin (West) / Hartmut E.Arras = 471
• 22.1. A City at the Turning Point? = 471
• 22.2. Where can the Development Lead? Something About Forecasts and Scenarios = 472
• 22.3. Scenarios for Berlin-Basic Structures = 473
• 22.4. Which Divergencies Will Ensue? = 476
• The Authors = 479