Enhancing Public-Private Partnerships in the Space Industry of the Republic of Korea: NASA’s Space Act Agreements as a Procurement Model with the Emergence of the “NewSpace” Era

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The Republic of Korea (South Korea) has demonstrated commendable progress in space research and development, with the aim of establishing itself as a global leader in the field. This paper explores the historical context of the Korean space program, spanning three distinct periods, in order to comprehend the achievements and challenges faced by South Korea. With the advent of the “NewSpace” era, the paper underscores the significance of robust public-private partnerships in fulfilling the evolving demands of the space sector.
Specifically, the paper focuses on NASA’s Space Act Agreements (SAAs) and their relevance to the Korean space program. It highlights the advantages and unique features of SAAs in fostering collaboration between the government and the private sector, distinguishing them from traditional procurement methods. Drawing insights from successful SAAs in the United States, the analysis provides valuable perspectives for South Korea. By identifying key considerations for an efficient and effective transactional approach, the paper aims to maximize the potential of public-private partnerships and foster the growth of the Korean commercial space industry.
Given South Korea’s impressive progress in space research and development, particularly since 2020, there is a pressing need for an optimal transactional approach between the government and private entities as the industry continues to evolve and witnesses increased private sector participation. SAAs, exemplified by their flexibility and ability to facilitate cost-sharing, emerge as advantageous procurement models. SAAs empower contractors, promote safety, and offer numerous benefits including cost savings and enhanced collaboration. Comprehending the examples of SAAs is crucial for South Korea’s forthcoming agency, KASA, as it prepares for upcoming ambitious missions in deep space.
This paper contributes to understanding South Korea’s aspirations in the global space community. By capitalizing on public-private collaborations, South Korea has the opportunity to propel its space program to new heights and establish itself as a leading force in space exploration for the betterment of humanity.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 "United States Code, Title 51 - NATIONAL AND COMMERCIAL SPACE PROGRAMS, Sec. 20113 - Powers of the Administration in performance of functions"

2 Mark J. Sundahl, "The US Procurement Model as a Tool for Growing Private Industry" 61 : 197-, 2018

3 "The National Archives of the Republic of Korea"

4 "Space Act Agreement between Aeronautics and Space Administration and Space Exploration Technologies Corp. for Commercial Orbital Transportation Services Demonstration (COT), R0 5/30/06"

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6 Youngshin Ahn, "National Space Legislation and Policy in the republic of Korea: An Analysis of the Current Status and Suggestions for the Future Legal Regime" 2023

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8 "NASA Policy Directive, NPD 1050.7, Authority to Enter into Partnership Agreements, 4"

9 "NASA Advisory Implementing Instruction, NAII 1050-1D, SPACE ACT AGREEMENT GUIDE B-1"

10 The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Korea, "Multilateral Treaty Book No. 2"

11 The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Korea, "Multilateral Treaties"

12 The Constitution of the Republic of Korea, "Constitution No. 10 as wholly amended on October 29, 1987, entered into force on February 25, 1988"

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14 National Aeronautics and Space Administration, "Commercial Orbital Transportation Services:A New Era in Spaceflight"

15 "Code of Federal Regulations, Title 48 - Federal Acquisition Regulations System, Chapter 18"