가격경쟁에서 노조화된 혼합복점과 민영화 = Unionized Mixed Duopoly and Privatization under Bertrand Competition

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In the Bertrand competition, we compare social welfare under a unionized mixed duopoly with social welfare under privatization when the union is either wage-oriented or employment-oriented. Thus, we find that (i) regardless of the degree of imperfect substitutability, privatization cannot improve social welfare if unions care about the employment relative to wage, (ii) if unions become more wage-oriented under certain degree of imperfect substitutability, the unionized mixed duopoly market is more desirable in terms of social welfare, and vice versa, (iii) if unions become more wage-oriented under sufficient large degree of imperfect substitutability, the privatization is more desirable in terms of social welfare, and vice versa. Moreover, even though it is desirable to maintain the unionized mixed duopoly market, there can exist inefficient pricing policy for the public firm.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 Jiang, L., "Welfare Analysis of Privatization in a Mixed Market with Bargaining" 24 : 395-406, 2006

2 Naylor, R. A., "Wage Union Strategies and International Trade" 109 : 102-125, 1999

3 Lommerud, K. E., "Unionised Oligopoly, Trade Liberalisation and Location Choice" 113 : 782-800, 2003

4 Leahy, D., "Unionisation and Foreign Direct Investment: Challenging Conventional Wisdom?" 110 : 80-92, 2000

5 De Fraja, G., "Union and Wages in Public and Private Firms: A Game Theoretic Analysis" 45 : 457-469, 1993

6 Choi, K., "The Timing of Endogenous Wage Setting under Bertrand Competition in a Unionized Mixed Duopoly" MPRA 2010

7 Binmore, K., "The Nash Bargaining Solution in Economic Modelling" 17 : 176-188, 1986

8 Booth, A., "The Economics of the Trade Union" Cambridge University Press 1995

9 Schmidt, K. M., "The Costs and Benefits of Privatization: An Incomplete Contracts Approach" 12 : 1-24, 1996

10 Choi, K., "Strategic Budget Constraints of Public Firm under Bertrand Competition of Unionized Mixed Duopoly" MPRA 2010

11 Matsumura, T., "Stackelberg Mixed Duopoly with a Foreign Competitor" 55 : 275-287, 2003

12 Skaksen, M. Y., "Should Trade Union Appreciate Foreign Direct Investment?" 55 : 379-390, 2001

13 Ishida, J., "Should Civil Servants be Restricted in Wage Bargaining? A Mixed-Duopoly Approach" 93 : 634-646, 2009

14 Barcena-Ruiz, J. C., "Relocation and Public Ownership of Firms" 23 : 71-85, 2009

15 Ishiguro, S., "Raising Wages to Deter Entry into Unionized Markets" 60 : 435-445, 2009

16 Bos, D., "Privatization: A Theoretical Treatment" Oxford University Press 1991

17 Mukherjee, A., "Privatization, Strategic Foreign Direct Investment and Host-country Welfare" 53 : 775-785, 2009

18 Haskel, J., "Privatization, Liberalization, Wages and Employment: Theory and Evidence for the UK" 60 : 161-182, 1993

19 Haskel, J., "Privatisation and X-Inefficiency: A Bargaining Approach" 43 : 301-321, 1995

20 Vives, X., "Price and Quantity in a Differentiated Duopoly" 15 : 546-554, 1984

21 White, M., "Political Manipulation of a Public Firm's Objective Function" 49 : 487-499, 2002

22 Willner, J., "Policy Objectives and Performance in a Mixed Market with Bargaining" 17 : 137-145, 1999

23 Matsumura, T., "Partial Privatization in Mixed Duopoly" 70 : 473-483, 1998

24 Nett, L., "Mixed Oligopoly with Homogeneous Goods" 64 : 367-393, 1993

25 Naylor, R. A., "International Trade and Economic Integration when Labour Markets are Generally Unionised" 42 : 1251-1267, 1998

26 Skaksen, J. R., "International Outsourcing when Labour Markets are Unionized" 37 : 78-94, 2004

27 Straume, O. R., "International Merger and Trade Liberalization: Implications for Unionized Labour" 21 : 717-735, 2003

28 Harris, R. G., "Government Enterprise: An Instrument for the Internal Regulation of Industry" 13 : 125-132, 1980

29 De Fraja, G., "Game Theoretic Models of Mixed Oligopoly" 4 : 1-17, 1990

30 Matsumura, T., "Endogenous Cost Differentials between Public and Private Enterprises: A Mixed Duopoly Approach" 71 : 671-688, 2004

31 Vives, X., "Duopoly Information Equilibrium: Cournot and Bertrand" 34 : 71-94, 1984

32 Mezzetti, C., "Domestic Unionization and Import Competition" 31 : 79-100, 1991

33 De Fraja, G., "Alternative Strategies of a Public Enterprise in Oligopoly" 41 : 302-311, 1989