EU 대외관계에서 전략적 자원으로서 문화유산외교 연구 = Cultural heritage diplomacy as a strategic resource in the European Union’s external relations

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study identifies how the European Union (EU) strategizes culture in its external relations through an examination of its cultural heritage policy and explores how cultural heritage functions as a resource for value-oriented diplomacy and cultural diplomacy. The EU has traditionally utilized cultural heritage as a means to promote a sense of belonging and unity as well as to strengthen the legitimacy of European culture and political integration. However, recently, the EU has been showing a tendency to promote the use of cultural heritage, both internally and externally, as a means to fortify European networks. This study conducts a discourse analysis of policy documents on how stakeholders in the EU's cultural heritage policy invite or discourage cooperation and how they articulate and construct the value and content of cultural heritage to understand the process of mainstreaming cultural heritage in the EU. The analysis shows that the EU’s framework for cultural heritage has been reinforced since the 2007 European Cultural Agenda. Emphasizing cultural heritage as a shared resource and a common good that European countries share a responsibility to look after, the EU's cultural heritage policy - with the European Commission, the EU Council, the European Parliament, and Europa Nostra, a civil society network of cultural heritage stakeholders at the center - has laid the groundwork for the EU’s role. Correspondingly, the EU has assumed the premise that cultural heritage not only generates social capital but also plays an important economic and social role and has a policy relevance that transcends territorial boundaries. On this basis, the EU has pluralized heritage values to reinforce the sense of Europeanness and, at the same time, gain a comparative advantage in cultural heritage as a global actor.