붓다의 고행 배경에 대한 비교 연구 -세 가지 비유(Tisso upama)를 중심으로 = A comparative study on the background of Buddha`s ascetic practices: with three metaphors(Tisso upama)

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

According to early Buddhist texts, when Buddha was bodhisattva, after he realized that he could not attain enlightment through ascetic practices[pali, tapas] which had racked his body, he abandoned the self-mortification. The reason why Bodhisattva decided to do austerities, according to Mahasaccaka-sutta , is that three similes occurred to him. However, the three similes explain that if anyone frees from sensuality, he could attain enlightenment, independent of whether he practises austerities or not. So it is puzzling that why bodhisattva did very arduous ascetic practices. Bodhi suggests that the appropriate place for the simile would be at the end of the Bodhisatta`s period of ascetic experimentation, when he has acquired a sound basis for rejecting of self-mortification. According to Dirgha-agama Sanskri fragments, the place for three similes is at the end of the bodhisattva`s austerities unlike pali Buddhist text. The three similes are to emphasize that practitioners must stay aloof from sensuality in body and mind in order to attain enlightenment. So the simile seems to be used as symbolic meaning. The three similes are also used as different meanings in another text.