테러 위험지각의 인지-사회 모형 = A Cognitive-social Model for Risk Perception of Terrorism

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study was to develope a structural model for risk perception and individual response against terrorism, including several psychological factors - cognitive, social and emotional factors. In this model we measured perceived probability of terrorism, perceived seriousness of the aftermath, and perceived coping(cognitive factors), trust in authorities, in expert group and in preparedness of institutions(social factors), fear and worry(emotional factors), individual preparedness, information seeking, information analysis, and checking relational network(individual behavior responses). Major finding was that cognitive and social factors influenced on emotional factors and then emotional factors influenced on the individual responses. The perceived coping, which one of cognitive factors was linked with individual responses directly and indirectly via emotion factors. We discussed the importance of perceived coping in preparing for terrorism.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

테러 위험에 대한 일반인의 행동반응에 영향을 주는 심리요인들을 밝히기 위하여 인지, 사회, 정서요인들을 포함하는 구조모형을 개발하고자 하였다. 본 연구의 모형에는 테러가 발생할 가능성, 테러 여파가 주는 심각성, 그리고 테러의 여파에 대해 개인이 대처할 수 있다는 지각(인지요인)과, 테러에 대응하는 정부기관에 대한 신뢰(사회요인), 그리고 테러에 대한 두려움과 걱정(정서요인), 개인적으로 준비하거나 정보를 검색 또는 분석하고 관계망을 점검하는 행동(행동반응)에 대한 측정이 포함되었다. 주된 결과는 인지와 사회요인이 정서요인에 영향을 주며 정서요인은 행동반응에 영향을 준다는 것이다. 특히 인지요인 중 지각된 대처는 행동반응에 직․간접 영향을 주는 요인으로서, 테러에 대한 개인적 대비를 향상시키기 위해서는 지각된 대처가 중요하다는 것을 논의하였다.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 국립국어원, "표준국어대사전"

2 김상겸, "북한의 뉴테러리즘과 대응책" 통일연구원 18 (18): 67-96, 2009

3 이대성, "북한에 의한 테러유형과 대응방안" 통일연구원 13 (13): 135-162, 2004

4 홍세희, "구조방정식 모형.고급연구방법론 워크샵 시리즈" S & M Research Group 2010

5 Paton,D, "When good intentions turns bad:Promoting natural hazard preparedness" 20 : 25-30, 2005

6 Poortinga,W, "Trust in risk regulation:Cause or consequence of the acceptability of GM food" 25 : 197-207, 2005

7 Earle,T.C, "Trust in risk management" 30 : 541-574, 2010

8 Flynn,J, "Trust as a determinant of opposition to a high-level radioactive waste repository:Analysis of a structural model" 12 : 417-429, 1992

9 Kasperson,R.E, "The social amplification of risk:A conceptual framework" 8 : 177-187, 1988

10 Midden,C.J.H, "The role of trust in the affective evaluation of novel risks:The case of CO2 storage" 29 : 743-751, 2009

11 Tucker,L, "The reliability coefficient for maximum likelihood factor analysis" 38 : 1-10, 1973

12 Slovic,P, "The perception of risk" Earthscan Publications 2000

13 Sunstein,C.R, "Terrorism and probability neglect" 26 : 121-136, 2003

14 Kobbeltved,T, "Risk as feelings or risk and feelings? A cross-lagged panel analysis" 8 : 417-437, 2005

15 Loewenstein,G.F, "Risk as feelings" 127 : 267-286, 2001

16 Slovic,P, "Risk as analysis and risk as feelings:Some thoughts about affect,reason,risk,and rationality" 24 : 311-322, 2004

17 Dallaire,C, "Project 1.1: Interviewing Canadians about health risk perception and acceptabiliby. In Public perception and acceptable levels of health risk among Canadians: A research report to health Canada" Health Canada, research management and dissemination division 2005

18 Siegrist,M, "Perception of risk:The influence of general trust,and general confidence" 8 : 145-156, 2005

19 Siegrist,M, "Perception of hazard:The role of social trust and knowledge" 20 : 713-719, 2000

20 Slovic,P, "Perceived risk,trust,and democracy" 13 : 675-682, 1993

21 Bergstrom,R.L, "Perceived risk and worry:The effects of 9/11 on willingness to fly" 34 : 1846-1856, 2004

22 Smith,C.A, "Patterns of cognitive appraisal in emotion" 48 : 813-838, 1985

23 Kaplan,S, "On the quantitative definition of risk" 1 : 11-27, 1981

24 Fischhoff,B, "How safe is safe enough? A psychometric study of attitudes towards technological risks and benefits" 127-152, 1978

25 Lerner,J.S, "Emotion and perceived risks of terrorism:A national field experiment" 14 : 144-150, 2003

26 Hu,L, "Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis:Conventional criteria versus new alternatives" 6 : 1-55, 1999

27 Heine,S.J, "Cultural variation in unrealistic optimism:Does the West feel more invulnerable than the East" 68 : 595-607, 1995

28 Bentler,P, "Comparative fit indexes in structural models" 107 : 238-246, 1990

29 Karasawa,K, "Cognitive antecedents of emotions:Findings and future direction" 37 : 40-55, 1995

30 Shiloh,S, "Cognitive and emotional representations of terror attacks:A cross-cultural exploration" 27 : 397-409, 2007

31 Mathiens,J.E, "Clarifying conditions and decision points for mediational type inferences in organizational behavior" 27 : 1031-1056, 2006

32 Lerner,J.S, "Beyond valence:Toward a model of emotion-specific influences on judgment and choice" 14 : 473-493, 2000

33 Ellsworth,P.C, "Appraisal processes in emotion.In Handbook of Affective Sciences" Oxford University Press 572-595, 2003

34 Peters,E, "An emotional-based model of risk perception and stigma susceptibility:Cognitive appraisal of emotion,affective reactivity,worldviews,and risk perceptions in the generation of technological stigma" 24 : 1349-1367, 2004

35 Lee,J.E.C, "A Social-cognitive perspective of terrorism risk perception and individual response in Canada" 29 : 1265-1280, 2009

36 Prati,G, "A Social-cognitive model of pandemic influenza H1N1 risk perception and recommended behaviors in Italy" 31 : 645-656, 2011