Occupational hygiene of chemical and biological agents

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목차
• PREFACE = v
• PREFACE OF THE AUTHORS = vii
• CHAPTER 1. OCCUPATIONAL HYGIENE = 1
• 1.1 Brckground = 1
• 1.1.1 Role, Scope and function of occupational hygiene = 4
• 1.1.2 Education = 7
• 1.1.3 Certification = 8
• 1.1.4 Code of Ethics = 10
• 1.2 General approach = 10
• 1.3 Future challenges = 13
• 1.4 Content of the book = 14
• References = 17
• CHAPTER 2. WORKPLACE SURVEYS = 19
• 2.1 Introduction = 19
• 2.2 Scope = 20
• 2.3 Level of assessment = 21
• 2.4 Content of assessment = 21
• 2.5 Assessors = 24
• 2.6 Peoprity setting = 26
• 2.7 Examples of workplace survey protocols = 28
• 2.7.1 General protocol for workplace surveys = 28
• 2.7.2 Dutch Labour Inspectorate protocol for evaluation of workplaces = 29
• 2.7.3 Protocol for workplace surveys in the rubber manufacturing industry = 31
• 2.8 Concluding remarks = 34
• References = 36
• CHAPTER 3. MONITORING AND MEASUREMENT METHODS = 39
• 3.1 Monitoring methods = 40
• 3.1.1 Ancillary information = 41
• 3.2 Measurement methods for chemical agents = 42
• 3.2.1 Direct-reeading methods = 43
• 3.2.2 Gases and vapours = 46
• 3.2.3 Particular Matter = 47
• 3.3 Measurement methods for biological agents = 56
• 3.3.1 Introduction = 56
• 3.3.2 Microorganisms = 57
• 3.3.3 Measuring organic dust constituents = 63
• 3.4 Dermal wxposure = 73
• 3.5 Quality Assurance = 76
• References = 82
• CHAPTER 4. EXPOSURE MODELLING = 97
• 4.1 Introduction = 97
• 4.2 Variability = 98
• 4.3 Stochastic models = 100
• 4.3.1 Lognormal distribution = 100
• 4.3.2 Within- and between-worker varibility = 106
• 4.3.3 Empirical statistical models = 110
• 4.4 Deterministic models = 115
• 4.4.1 Single cell = 115
• 4.4.2 Multiple cell = 119
• 4.4.3 Material models = 125
• References = 132
• CHAPTER 5. EVAUATIONS BASED ON OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS = 137
• 5.1 Setting occupational exposure limits = 137
• 5.1.1 Standard setting in the USA = 137
• 5.1.2 Standard setting in other countries = 139
• 5.2 Characteristics of occupational exposure limits = 141
• 5.2.1 Averaging times of occupational exposure limits = 141
• 5.2.2 Routes of entry = 144
• 5.2.3 Biological exposure limits = 144
• 5.2.4 Occupational exposure limits for carcinogens = 145
• 5.2.5 Exposure limits for multiple exposures = 146
• 5.3 Monitoring strategies for compliance = 147
• 5.3.1 Averaging times of measurements = 148
• 5.3.2 Evaluations based on single measurements = 149
• 5.3.3 Evaluations based on multiple measurements in the USA = 150
• 5.3.4 Evaluations based on multiple measurements in Europe = 152
• References = 157
• CHAPTER 6. EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT AND EVALUATION IN OCCUPATIONAL EPIDEMIOLOGY = 161
• 6.1 Introduction = 161
• 6.2 Relevant measures of exposure = 162
• 6.3 The influence of misclassification of wxposure = 171
• 6.4 Approaches in exposure assessment = 172
• 6.4.1 Job title and job-exposure matrices = 174
• 6.4.2 Specific exposure by quantionnaire and interview = 178
• 6.4.3 Subjective semi-quantitative assessment of exposure = 180
• 6.5 Quantitative exposure assessment = 180
• 6.5.1 Introduction = 80
• 6.5.2 Exposure assessment on the individual level = 181
• 6.5.3 Grouping strategies = 186
• 6.6 Concluding remarks = 195
• References = 197
• CHAPTER 7 CONTROL OF OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURES = 207
• 7.1 Introduction = 207
• 7.2 Quantitative soure assessment = 212
• 7.2.1 Source strength = 217
• 7.2.2 Relative contribution of sources to exposures = 223
• 7.3 Control strategy = 225
• 7.3.1 Eliminition = 226
• 7.3.2 Reduction = 229
• 7.3.3 Isolation = 231
• 7.3.4 Ventilation = 233
• 7.3.5 Avoidance of exposure = 240
• 7.3.6 Personal protection = 242
• 7.3.7 Anticipation = 254
• 7.4 Control programme = 255
• 7.4.1 Programme selection = 255
• 7.4.2 Implementation = 258
• 7.4.3 Evaluation = 260
• 7.5 Concluding rekarks = 262
• References = 264
• LIST OF FIGURES = 271
• LIST OF TABLES = 277
• SUBJECT INDEX = 279