語用論的観点からみた「じゃないか」の文類型 = The Sentence Types of –janaika from the View of Pragmatics

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In many studies, -janaika has been classified as an“expression of requiringconfirmation”, that is one of the subclasses of “interrogatives”. However, if we takea closer look at the sentences with -janaika, there are many cases that may nothave the sense of interrogation. In this study, we developed a grammatical theoryof modality from the view of pragmatics by focusing on the cases that -janaikacan have the function of not only “interrogatives” but also “declaratives” or“imperatives” in the situation with the listener.
Specifically, first, we showed that -janaika can be divided into two sentence types:an “expression of requiring confirmation” classified as “interrogatives”, and an“expression of requiring recognition” classified as “declaratives”, depending onwhether the speaker’s evaluation of the listener’s recognitional condition are positiveor negative. We offered the following two grounds that -janaika as the expressionof requiring for confirmation is classified as declaratives 1)it can be used as ananswer, 2) it can be used as an alternative to -yo.
Secondly, we confirmed that -janaika as the expression of requiring recognitionis the form to demand situational change from the present situation to the situationthat the speaker demands. We argued -janaika not only means demanding recognitionfrom the listener but also derives the equivalent function to imperatives, whenthe speaker demands situational change.
Thus, we found that one form can be four sentence types by showing a mechanismthat -janaika has come to have four functions: “expressives”, “intertogatives”,“declaratives” and “imperatives”.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 大塚淳子, "｢ではない(か)｣の談話機能と音調について" お茶の水女子大学日本言語文化学研究会 13 : 104-116, 1997

2 채영희, "시킴월의 유형에 대하여" 우리말학회 3 : 153-188, 1993

3 "魔王"

4 "離婚弁護士Ⅱ"

5 "陽はまた昇る"

6 金志姫, "認識要求表現としての｢じゃないか｣―｢よ｣との互換性に着目して―" 広島大学日本語教育講座 21 : 2011

7 中崎崇, "終助詞｢ヨ｣の機能に関する一考察" 日本語用論学会 (7) : 75-91, 2005

8 井上優, "発話における｢タイミング考慮｣と｢矛盾考慮｣―命令文’依頼文を例に, In 研究報告書14" 国立国語研究所 105 : 1993

9 日本語記述文法研究会, "現代日本語文法4第8部モダリティ" くろしお出版 15-50, 2003

10 宮崎和人, "現代日本語の疑問表現―疑いと確認要求―" ひつじ書房 103-131, 2005

11 安達太郎, "日本語疑問文における判断の諸相" くろしお出版 75-159, 1999

12 三宅知宏, "日本語の確認要求表現の諸相" 日本語教育学 89 : 111-122, 1996

13 仁田義雄, "日本語のモダリティと人称" ひつじ書房 17-111, 1991

14 宮崎和人, "新日本語文法選書モダリティ" くろしお出版 173-227, 2002

15 蓮沼昭子, "対話における確認行為『だろう』『じゃないか』『よね』の確認用法, In 複文の研究(下)" くろしお出版 389-419, 1995

16 "女王の教室"

17 田野村忠温, "否定疑問文小考" 国語学会 152 : 123-109, 1988

18 金志姬, "否定命令としての｢じゃないか｣の意味機能―語用論的側面から―" 広島大学教育学研究科 2 (2): 245-254, 2012

19 "フリーター，家を買う"

20 "チェイス~国税調査官~"

21 森山卓郎, "コミュニケーションにおける聞き手情報―聞き手情報配慮非配慮の理論―, In 日本語のモダリティ" くろしお出版 95-120, 1989

22 奥田靖雄, "おしはかり(一)" 明治書院 3 (3): 54-69, 1984

23 "SCANDAL"