Fabrication and tissue engineering application of a 3D PPF/DEF scaffold using Blu-ray based 3D printing system

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Micro-stereolithography (MSTL) among various 3D printing technologies reaches high resolution by using a focused laser beam, and therefore it can be used to fabricate objects that have feature sizes of tens to hundreds of micrometers. To fabricate a scaffold for the tissue engineering, we used a Blu-ray based MSTL system which is simpler and more compact than the conventional MSTL system. We selected a biodegradable photopolymer, Poly (propylene fumarate)/diethyl fumarate (PPF/DEF), as the construction material, and progressed post-curing to strengthen the fabricated scaffold. We seeded MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts on the fabricated PPF/DEF 3D scaffolds and cultured them in a multi-stimulus bioreactor system which mimics the in-vivo shear flow environment and simultaneously supplies a magnetic field to improve cell proliferation. A cell culture result showed the superiority of combining our bioreactor system with the PPF/DEF 3D scaffold. The combination of 3D scaffold fabricated by Blu-ray based MSTL and a multi-stimulus bioreactor system may be a valuable tool for bone tissue regeneration.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 A. S. Scott, "The use of natural polymers in tissue engineering : a focus on electrospun extracellular matrix analogues" 2 : 522-553, 2010

2 X. Ba, "The role of moderate static magnetic fields on biomineralization of osteoblasts on sulfonated polystyrene films" 32 : 7831-7838, 2011

3 L. Lu, "The importance of new processing techniques in tissue engineering" 21 : 28-32, 1996

4 S. Yang, "The design of scaffolds for use in tissue engineering : part II. Rapid prototyping techniques" 7 : 1-11, 2002

5 K. Ikuta, "Submicron stereolithography for the production of freely movable mechanisms by using singlephoton polymerization" 100 : 70-76, 2002

6 J. H. Kim, "Study on the micro stereolithography apparatus using Blu-ray OPU" 2012

7 G. M. Harris, "Strategies to direct angiogenesis within scaffolds for bone tissue engineering" 19 : 3456-3465, 2013

8 R. Langer, "Selected advances in drug delivery and tissue engineering" 62 : 7-11, 1999

9 R. Lanza, "Principles of tissue engineering" Academic Press 1997

10 A. G. Mikos, "Preparation of poly (glycolic acid) bonded fiber structures for cell attachment and transplantation" 27 : 183-189, 1993

11 A. G. Mikos, "Preparation and characterization of poly (l-lactic acid) forms" 35 : 1068-1077, 1994

12 R. Thomson, "Polymer scaffold processing - Principles of tissue engineering" R.G. Landes Company 1997

13 J. P. Fisher, "Photocrosslinking characteristics and mechanical properties of diethyl fumarate/poly(propylene fumarate) biomaterials" 23 : 4333-4343, 2002

14 T. Ozdemir, "Osteoinductive biomaterial geometries for bone regenerative engineering" 19 : 3446-3455, 2013

15 D. J. Mooney, "Novel approach to fabricate porous sponges of poly (D, L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) without the use of organic solvents" 14 : 1417-1422, 1996

16 L. D. Muiznieks, "Molecular assembly and mechanical properties of the extracellular matrix: A fibrous protein perspective" 1832 : 866-875, 2013

17 H. Hall, "Modified fibrin hydrogel matrices: both, 3Dscaffolds and local and controlled release systems to stimulate angiogenesis" 13 : 3597-3607, 2007

18 Y. S. Jeong, "Micro-structure fabrication using blu-ray based micro-stereolithography apparatus" Korea Polytechnic University 2011

19 C. E. Misch, "Mechanical properties of trabecular bone in the human mandible: Implications for dental implant treatment planning and surgical placement" 57 : 700-706, 1999

20 A. G. Mikos, "Laminated three dimensional biodegradable foams for use in tissue engineering" 14 : 323-330, 1993

21 E. L. Hedberg, "In vitro degradation of porous poly(propylene fumarate)/poly(DL-lacticcoglycolic acid)composite scaffolds" 26 : 3215-3225, 2005

22 E. Vanderleyden, "Implantable(bio)polymer coated titanium scaffolds : a review" 18 : 2576-2590, 2012

23 B. Leukers, "Hydroxyapatite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering made by 3D printing" 16 : 1121-1124, 2005

24 J. P. Kim, "Fabrication of a SFF-based three-dimensional scaffold using a precision deposition system in tissue engineering" 18 : 055027-, 2008

25 J. W. Lee, "Fabrication and characteristic analysis of a poly(propylene fumarate)scaffold using micro-stereolithography technology" 87 : 1-9, 2008

26 W. Chen, "Fabricating tissue engineering scaffolds for simultaneous cell growth and drug delivery" 16 : 2388-2394, 2010

27 D. D. Frazier, "Ex vivo degradation of a poly(propylene glycol-fumarate)biodegradable particulate composite bone cement" 35 : 383-389, 1997

28 J. W. Lee, "Estimation of cell proliferation by various peptide coating at the PPF/DEF 3D scaffold" 86 : 1451-1454, 2009

29 W. M. Elbjeirami, "Enhancing mechanical properties of tissue-engineered constructs via lysyl oxidase crosslinking activity" 66 : 513-521, 2003

30 S. H. Cartmell, "Effects of medium perfusion rate on cell-seeded threedimensional bone constructs in vitro" 9 : 1197-1203, 2003

31 H. W. Kang, "Development of a compact micro-stereolithography(MSTL)system using a Blu-ray optical pickup unit" 22 : 115021-, 2012

32 S. M. Ross, "Combined Dc and ELF magnetic fields can alter cell proliferation" 11 : 27-36, 1990

33 B. Carpentier, "Bioreactors for bone tissue engineering" 34 : 259-270, 2011

34 C. M. Agrwal, "Biodegradable PLA-PGA polymers for tissue engineering in orthopaedics" 250 : 115-128, 1997

35 F. P. W. Melchels, "A review on stereolithography and its applications in biomedical engineering" 31 : 6121-6130, 2010