蘇聯의 對아시아 進出과 韓半島 = The Russian Advance into Asia and the North-South Korean Relationship

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The Korean peninsula commands the Far East. All the great Asian powers and also the United States and the Soviet Union have considered the Korean peninsula as the part of their defense lines. The Korean peninsula was divided into North and South Koreas at the end of the World War Ⅱ as a result of the geopolitical considerations of the major powers. After the end of World War Ⅱ, the United States and the Soviet Union, the global superpowers, had competitively occupied the Korean peninsula and even fought a war in Korea. Today, too, Korea is the focus of interests of the four major powers, the United States, the Soviet Union, the People's Republic of China, and Japan. The interests of the four major powers inextricably intersect in the Korean peninsula where they come intimately into play. Thus, Korea has become one of the world's most acute trouble spots.
The purpose of this study is to examine how the Soviet foreign policy has been changing and how it affects the politics of inter-Korean relationship. This study has generally focused on international and situational factors as the independent variables and the fate of Korea as the dependent variables. In short, this is the study on the relationship between changes in the Soviet foreign policy and their implications to the two Koreas' policy changes against each other.
Foreign policy decision-making processes are very complex. Factors which affect the process are many and actors involved in it usually have different backgrounds, interests, and goals. One is military-security aspect, the other is an economic one. The Soviet military policy in the Asia-Pacific region has largely been influenced by the great power syndrome which sought a maximum security by a military means. Even though the Soviet followed the road of perestroika, they cannot yield the geopolitical interest of the Korean peninsula as a gateway to the Pacific. While easying tensions with South Korea, the Soviet Union will continue to seek the military advantage in the area, for the peninsula holds the cap-stone of the Soviet Military power over the entire Asian-Pacific region.
South Korea's economic potentials attracted Soviet economic interests. South Korea can provide the necessary goods and mid-level technology to produce consummer goods. South Korea perceives the Soviet Union as a new market of resources as well as of commodities. With those understandings of mutual interests between Moscow and Seoul, the establishment of a diplomatic relationship between South Korea and the Soviet Union was a natural step to follow.
In order to improve the established relationship between the two countries, there seems to be a number of conditions to be met. First, the two sides must reach a common understanding on the importance of the reunification of the Korean peninsula. Second, there should be an official apology made by the Soviet Union on the fate of the Korean Air 007 as well as the Korean War which the Soviet Union supported. Third, economic cooperation should be based on a long-term plan and it must be mutually beneficial in terms of complimentarity.
This study is limited to creating a better understanding of the fundamental characteristics of the alliance between the Soviet Union and North Korea in reference to the opening of diplomatic relationship between South Korea and the Soviet Union. It also aims to be a comprehensive view of the political, military and economic aspects of present-day South Korea.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 序論
• Ⅱ. 蘇聯의 對아시아政策
• 1. 蘇聯外交政策의 基本目標
• 2. 對아시아政策變化의 內容
• 3. 對아시아政策變更要因
• Ⅲ. 蘇聯의 對韓半島政策
• 1. 蘇聯의 對韓半島 基本觀心
• 2. 80년대 고르바초프의 對韓半島政策 推移
• 3. 對韓半島 政策變化의 背景
• Ⅳ. 韓蘇修交의 意味와 波長
• 1. 韓半島 周邊情勢
• 2. 南北韓 關係
• 3. 韓蘇經濟關係
• 4. 韓蘇 모스크바 頂上會談
• Ⅴ. 結論