또래괴롭힘: 주변인 개입과 사회적 맥락 변화의 필요성 = School Bullying: Need for Bystander Intervention and Change of Social Context

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study reviews important issues related to the nature of school bullying and discusses the implications for the development of policies or programs. First, this study defines bullying as an example of proactive aggression, and focuses on the function of bullying behaviors that helps adolescents to obtain or maintain social power and influence within peer groups. In order to understand the bullying as a group phenomena, it reviews issues of perceived popularity and group norms, and the importance of social context in relation to bullying and defending behaviors. Finally, this study discusses the critical points to remember for the development of effective bullying prevention/intervention policies or programs, especially, the importance of bystander intervention and change of social context, based on the findings of empirical research.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 최근의 경험적 연구들을 바탕으로 또래괴롭힘의 본질과 관련된 중요한 이슈들을 개관하여 이를 바탕으로 효과적인 정책과 프로그램 개발을 위한 시사점을 찾기 위한 것이다. 먼저, 본 연구는 또래괴롭힘 가해를 주도적 공격성의 대표적 예로서 정의하고, 사회적 힘과 영향력을 얻거나 유지하기 위한 효과적 수단으로서의 괴롭힘 행동에 초점을 맞추었다. 주변인을 포함하는 집단현상으로서의 괴롭힘을 제대로 이해하기 위해, 지각된 인기도, 지각된 집단 규준, 사회적 맥락의 중요성에 대해 개관하였다. 마지막으로 이러한 경험적 연구결과에 기초하여 학교폭력 또는 또래괴롭힘 관련 정책 및 프로그램 개발이 주변인 개입과 사회적 맥락 변화에 초점을 두어야 하는 필요성을 강조하고, 이를 위해 반드시 기억해야만 하는 핵심사항들에 대해 논의하였다.

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