단청 조채용수의 pH가 안료 분산특성에 미치는 영향 = The Effect of Water pH on the Dispersion Characteristics of Dancheong Pigments

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study scientifically investigates the concept of ‘Dan-mul’, which traditional Dan-cheong masters have empirically preferred, by quantitatively analyzing the effects of water pH on pigment dispersion and flow characteristics. Twelve types of pigments, both traditional and chemical, were tested under pH (5, 7, 9) conditions, with slope flow distance and painting area measured for each. The experimental results revealed that most pigments exhibited significantly improved fluidity under alkaline (pH 9) conditions, particularly traditional Celadonite (96.2%) and chemical Lead Red (101.5%), which showed high sensitivity. Physicochemical verification through zeta potential measurements demonstrated that increased negative (-) surface charge repulsion under alkaline conditions effectively inhibited inter-particle aggregation, especially when the absolute zeta potential exceeded the stability threshold (± 30 mV). Conversely, chemical Chrome Yellow (CY) showed an exceptional behavior of aggregation due to insufficient surface charge even under alkaline conditions. This study confirms that ‘slope flow distance’ is a valid indicator for determining initial fluidity and dispersion states. These findings provide scientific evidence that the empirical selection of water by masters was a systematic process of optimizing dispersion stability. Furthermore, this study offers a foundation for establishing water management standards to improve the workability and stability of pigments in national heritage restoration sites.