Lived Experiences and Visual Expressions from Immigrant Adolescents in Korea during their Early Adjustment = 다문화 중도입국 청소년의 눈을 통해 본 이주 후 초기 적응 경험 - 포토보이스 방법의 적용

국문 초록 (Abstract)

한국은 최근 이주민의 급격한 증가를 경험하고 있다. 이주민은 오랜 기간 단일민족 국가였던 한국에 낯선 경험이며 이주 아동은 더욱 낯설다. 한국의 다문화 중도입국 청소년은 최근 새롭게 증가하고 있는 이주 청소년의 한 유형으로 이들에 대해 알려진 것도 거의 없고 초기 적응을 위한 지원 정책도 아직은 개발단계이다. 본 연구는 포토보이스라는 방법을 통해 새롭게 등장한 한국의 다문화 중도입국 청소년들의 생생한 경험을 이들의 목소리와 이들이 만들어내는 시각적 이미지를 통해 탐색해 보았다. 두 달 동안 경기도 외국인 밀집지역에서 여섯 명의참여 청소년들과 총 육회기의 포토보이스를 실행했고 참여자들은 총 6개의 주제에 대해 사진을 찍고 내러티브를 만들었다. 참여자 스스로 정한 6개의 주제는 친구, 나의 하루, 문화, 사랑, 나, 그리고 나를 힘들게 하는 것과 힘나게 하는 것이 었다. 본 논문에는 참여 청소년들의 내러티브와 사진들을 제시하고 이에 대한 함의를 논하였다. 중도입국 청소년들은 학교에서 주변화 되기도 하고, 경쟁적이고 학업 위주의 한국 학교 시스템에서 학교 적응에 상당한 어려움을 겪기도 했다. 청소년들은 여러 어려움에도 불구하고 상당히 레질리언트한 모습을 보여줬는데 이들이 그리는 초기 적응의 모습을 바탕으로 초기 지원 프로그램 개발과 정책개발을 위한 시사점을 논의하였다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Korea, historically a mono-ethnic country, has recently experienced a surging immigration. Due to the lack of policies as well as awareness toward immigrants, and especially immigrant children, they suffer challenges in settling down in the new country. This study aims to explore the lived experiences of adolescent immigrants in Korea in words and visual images using Photovoice. Six sessions were conducted over two months in 2011 with six participants in Korea. The participants chose the following six themes to talk and take photos about: Friends, my daily life, culture, love, myself, and stress and energy sources. Select narratives and photo images are presented and discussed. Adolescent immigrants might be ostracized and pushed aside to the periphery in school. Lack of school policies and cultural shock resulting from fierce competition and intense curriculum in the Korean school systems seem to worsen their adjustment in school. Adolescent immigrants seem to be resilient despite all the challenges. Such strengths need to be considered in developing programs for them. Language training for this population and diversity training for teachers and administrators as well as students are urgently needed. Programs to prepare adolescent immigrants for their new host culture would be also essential.

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