A Study on How to Control Realty Speculation Using Tax System Based on holding tax and transfer income tax Real estate is one of biggest social issues we face now in Korea, Capital Gains in Korea has carried out the financial function in internal reve...
A Study on How to Control Realty Speculation Using Tax System Based on holding tax and transfer income tax Real estate is one of biggest social issues we face now in Korea, Capital Gains in Korea has carried out the financial function in internal revenue as well as the function of social policy such as a heavy tax on the unearned income and the restraint of speculations. But it has led to rising in land prices, preponderance of immovable property possessions, and the weakening of industrial competitive power.
To solve these side effects which were caused by concentration of wealth, tax has to be imposed impartially. Therefore, an object and correct assessment of capital gains must be preceded. From the standpoint of principle of real taxation and well-founded taxation, tax base and tax amount of national tax must be assessed by direct evidence such as account books and appropriate support documentations. Tax base and tax amount of almost all the national taxes generally have to be assessed by the actual disposal price method, but assessment of capital gains on the disposals of real estates and building is based on the method of tax standard value or determination by estimation. This method of tax standard value is at the variance with substance of taxation. Moreover, it caused the unfairness of taxation as well as adding an extra confusion and complexity of tax administration because it is used expediently for administrations.
Therefore, the aim of this study is to review and analyse the current assessment method of capital gains according to the disposal of the real estate and buildings, and to suggest an improvement plan. For fair and rational application of the current principle of tax standard value, the tax standard value itself has to be assessed objectively and appropriately. Therefore, an organization which consists of experts must take full charge of the tax standard value and the improvement in the automatic land price appraisal system are required. In some cases which the actual disposal price system is exceptionally applicated, the scope of speculation disposals has to be reduced and the definition of speculation disposals must be cleared so as to diminish the wilful interpretation.
From the long and ultimate point of view, it is proposed that the principle of assessment of capital gains has to be converted into the actual disposal price system which is suited for the principle of real taxation. To do this, firstly, actual disposal price is to be managed by computer through the system of approved contract which will be directly connected to Tax Integrated System along with the data of return for acquisition tax and registration tax in a ward office. Secondly, the current exemption system for the disposals of a house for a family has to be changed to the deduction system which can grasp the actual disposal price. A standard of assessment of acquisition tax and registration tax must also be based not on the tax standard value but on the actual disposal price.
In addition, the complementary measures which can helped to grasp the actual disposal price has to be groped for.