The purpose of this study is to identify factors and levels of job stress of secondary school teachers and to verify the moderating effects of self-reflection intelligence and social support on the relationship between job stress and burnout including...
The purpose of this study is to identify factors and levels of job stress of secondary school teachers and to verify the moderating effects of self-reflection intelligence and social support on the relationship between job stress and burnout including its sub-variables. The research subjects of this study are as follows.
First, how does the job stress of secondary school teachers vary according to demographic variables? Second, what is the correlation among job stress, social support, self-reflection intelligence and burnout of secondary school teachers? Third, does self-reflective intelligence have a moderating effect on job stress and burnout of secondary school teachers? Fourth, does social support also have a moderating effect on the relationship between job stress and burnout of secondary school teachers?
For this study, the questionnaires were given to 450 secondary school teachers in Gyeonggi Province and 425 of them were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 and SPSS Macro. The results and implications of this study are as follows.
First, T-test and one-way ANOVA were conducted to examine factors and levels of job stress based on demographic characteristics. Various factors such as gender, marital status, job title, school grade, average number of class hours, administrative work time and current school working period have a statistically significant result. That is, the job burdens of teachers cause job stress, which reduces job satisfaction and leads to burnout.
Second, Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to investigate the relationship between job stress and burnout, self-reflection intelligence and social support. There were significant correlation between job stress and burnout, self-reflection intelligence and burnout, social support and burnout. Specifically, there were significant positive correlation between job stress and burnout. This result means that the more job stress is, the higher burnout goes (p<.01).
Third, hierarchical regression analysis was conducted to verify whether self-reflective intelligence showed significant moderating effects on job stress and burnout. The results showed that self-reflection intelligence had a moderating effect(ΔR2=.007, p<.001) on job stress and burnout of teachers. In other words, the higher the job stress of the teacher is, the higher the burnout of the teacher goes. But the group with high self-reflection intelligence showed less burnout even when in much more job stress than the group without self-reflection intelligence.
Fourth, social support did not show any moderating effects on burnout as a whole. However, it shows meaningful moderating effects on personal accomplishment, a sub-variable of burnout. The social support from colleagues make them feel the loss of personal accomplishment less.
The purpose of this study is to provide concrete measures to protect oneself from the risk factors in job environment. Through them, the secondary teachers will learn how to improve self-reflective intelligence and social support. It can be also used as basic data for building teacher training, welfare policy and teacher counseling programs which can prevent and reduce burnout caused by job stress of secondary school teachers.