Multilevel Analysis of School and District on Charter School Size in Florida:Using Hierarchical Linear Model

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study examines the multilevel effect and determinant factors on charter school enrollment size. From the managerial perspective, charter school size is important because student enrollment may influence academic performance as well as financial capacity related to charter school operation and contract renewal. For empirical analysis, Hierarchical Linear Models consider multi-level effects and causality in charter schools and school districts according to charter school enrollment size. Through HLM analysis, we found some important implications to consider. First, there is a multilevel effect from school and school district level. Second, five significant variables are related to school performance, school finance, and school district characteristics. Third, Florida showed very unique patterns and characteristics of charter school enrollment size with regard to white student population and median household income.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 Hoxby, C., "Would school choice change the teaching profession?" National Bureau of Economic Research 2000

2 Zhang, Y., "What drives charter school diffusion at the local level: educational needs or political and institutional forces?" 36 (36): 571-591, 2008

3 Nelson, F. H., "Venturesome Capital: State Charter School Finance Systems" National Charter School Finance Study 2000

4 Ruble, W., "To charter or not to charter: Developing a testable model of charter authorization and renewal decisions" 8 (8): 362-380, 2014

5 Bifulco, R., "The influence of finance and accountability policies on charter school locations" Syracuse University 2012

6 Hoxby, C. M., "The economics of school choice" University of Chicago Press 287-342, 2003

7 Rumberger, R. W., "The distribution of dropout and turnover rates among urban and suburban high schools" 73 (73): 39-67, 2000

8 Ewert, S., "The decline in private school enrollment" US Census Bureau 2013

9 Ni, Y., "The Sorting Effect of Charter Schools on Student Composition in Traditional Public Schools" 26 : 215-242, 2012

10 The Center for Education Reform, "Survey of America’s Charter Schools 2014"

11 Kahne, J. E., "Small high schools on a larger scale: The impact of school conversions in Chicago" 30 (30): 281-315, 2008

12 Lee, V. E., "School size in Chicago elementary schools: Effects on teachers' attitudes and students' achievement" 37 (37): 3-31, 2000

13 Lubienski, S. T., "School sector and academic achievement: A multilevel analysis of NAEP mathematics data" 43 (43): 651-698, 2006

14 Chingos, M. M., "School districts and student achievement" 2015

15 Hoxby, C., "School choice and school competition: evidence from the United States" 10 : 9-65, 2003

16 Hess, F. M., "School boards circa 2010: Governance in the accountability era" The National School Boards Association, The Thomas B. Fordham Institute, and the Iowa School Boards Foundation 2010

17 Renzulli, L. A., "Racial mismatch and school type teacher satisfaction and retention in charter and traditional public schools" 84 (84): 23-48, 2011

18 Feiock, R. S., "Private interests and public schools: Charter school formation in Florida" THE FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY 2015

19 Renzulli, L. A., "Organizational environments and the emergence of charter schools in the United States" 78 (78): 1-26, 2005

20 Carruthers, C. K., "New schools, new students, new teachers: Evaluating the effectiveness of charter schools" 31 (31): 280-292, 2012

21 Winters, M. A., "Measuring the effect of charter schools on public school student achievement in an urban environment: evidence from New York City" 31 (31): 293-301, 2012

22 Zimmer, R., "Is charter school competition in California improving the performance of traditional public schools?" 69 (69): 831-845, 2009

23 Turque, Bill, "In D. C. schools, 59 percent of students get diploma on time"

24 Lee, V. E., "High school size: Which works best, and for whom?" 19 (19): 205-227, 1997

25 Prince, H., "Follow the money: an initial review of elementary charter school spending in Michigan" 175-194, 1999

26 "Florida Department of Education"

27 "Florida Department of Education"

28 National Alliance of Public Charter Schools, "Estimated number of public charter schools & students"

29 Rumberger, R. W., "Dropping out of middle school: A multilevel analysis of students and schools" 32 (32): 583-625, 1995

30 Lee, V. E., "Dropping out of high school: The role of school organization and structure" 40 (40): 353-393, 2003

31 Schanzenbach, D. W., "Does class size matter" National Education Policy Center, School of Education, University of Colorado 2014

32 Dee, T. S., "Do charter schools skim students or drain resources?" 23 (23): 259-271, 2004

33 Dee, T. S., "Competition and the quality of public schools" 17 (17): 419-427, 1998

34 The Center for Education Reform, "Choice and Charter Schools"

35 Finn Jr, C. E., "Charter schools in action: Renewing public education" Princeton University Press 2001

36 Glomm, G., "Charter school location" 24 (24): 451-457, 2005

37 The Center for Education Reform, "Charter School Laws Across the States 2015 Rankings & Scorecard March, 2015"

38 Toma, E. F., "Beyond achievement: Enrollment consequences of charter schools in Michigan" 14 (14): 241-255, 2006

39 Wyse, A. E., "Assessing the effects of small school size on mathematics achievement: A propensity score-matching approach" 110 (110): 1879-1900, 2008

40 Crew Jr, R. E., "Accountability and performance in charter schools in Florida: A theory-based evaluation" 24 (24): 189-212, 2003

41 Lee, V. E., "A multilevel model of the social distribution of high school achievement" 172-192, 1989

42 Florida Department of Education, "2014 Student Achievement in Florida's Charter Schools"

43 Florida Department of Education, "2013 Student Achievement in Florida's Charter Schools"